Nanolithography: Towards Fabrication of Nanodevices for Life Sciences

Ngunjiri, Johnpeter N.; Li, Jie‐Ren; Garno, Jayne C.

doi:10.1002/9783527610419.ntls0037

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…However in the future, nanoscale technology in manufacturing is predicted to bring an even greater impact and benefit to society than present-day microfabrication technologies. (Roco and Bainbridgem, 2005;www.nano.gov, 2007) Potential applications include the development of a new generation of chemical and biosensors, biochips, and molecular electronic devices (Love et al ., 2005;Ngunjiri et al ., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving Precision and Reproducibility for Writing Patterns of n‐alkanethiol Self‐assembled Monolayers with Automated Nanografting

et al. 2008

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Nanografting is a high-precision approach for scanning probe lithography, which provides unique advantages and capabilities for rapidly writing arrays of nanopatterns of thiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Nanografting is accomplished by force- induced displacement of molecules of a matrix SAM, followed immediately by the self-assembly of n-alkanethiol ink molecules from solution. The feedback loop used to control the atomic force microscope tip position and displacement enables exquisite control of forces applied to the surface, ranging from pico to nanonewtons. To achieve high-resolution writing at the nanoscale, the writing speed, direction, and applied force need to be optimized. There are strategies for programing the tip translation, which will improve the uniformity, alignment, and geometries of nanopatterns written using open-loop feedback control. This article addresses the mechanics of automated nanografting and demonstrates results for various writing strategies when nanografting patterns of n-alkanethiol SAMs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving Precision and Reproducibility for Writing Patterns of n‐alkanethiol Self‐assembled Monolayers with Automated Nanografting

et al. 2008

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“…29,30 Nanostructures of SAMs written by SPL provide highly controllable test environments for exquisite images of surface changes during biochemical reactions. 71 Although electron microscopies can be used for high-resolution 2D imaging of biomolecules that have been freeze dried and sputter coated with conductive films, reactions conducted in aqueous (physiological) media or buffers cannot be accomplished in the UHV environments of electron microscope chambers. Approaches with SPM provide 3D images of fragile biomolecule systems and cells with minimal sample preparation.…”

Section: Applications Of Scanning Probe Nanolithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Scanning Probe Lithography with n-Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111): Application for Teaching Undergraduate Laboratories

Brown

LeJeune

Liu

et al. 2011

JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation

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Controllers for scanning probe instruments can be programmed for automated lithography to generate desired surface arrangements of nanopatterns of organic thin films, such as n-alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). In this report, atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods of lithography known as nanoshaving and nanografting are used to write nanopatterns within organic thin films. Commercial instruments provide software to control the length, direction, speed, and applied force of the scanning motion of the tip. For nanoshaving, higher forces are applied to an AFM tip to selectively remove regions of the matrix monolayer, exposing bare areas of the gold substrate. Nanografting is accomplished by force-induced displacement of molecules of a matrix SAM, followed immediately by the surface self-assembly of n-alkanethiol molecules from solution. Advancements in AFM automation enable rapid protocols for nanolithography, which can be accomplished within the tight time restraints of undergraduate laboratories. Example experiments with scanning probe lithography (SPL) will be described in this report that were accomplished by undergraduate students during laboratory course activities and research internships in the chemistry department of Louisiana State University. Students were introduced to principles of surface analysis and gained “hands-on” experience with nanoscale chemistry.

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“…Microand nanoscale sensing devices require the immobilization of active proteins onto flat substrates [1][2][3]. Patterning of proteins has been accomplished at the micrometre level using microcontact printing [4,5], photolithography [6 -9], electron-beam lithography [10][11][12] and microfluidic channels [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface patterning is essential for the integration of biomolecules into miniature bioelectronic and sensing devices because the sensing element consists of a layer of biomolecules for the capture of target molecules and analytes. Microand nanoscale sensing devices require the immobilization of active proteins onto flat substrates [1][2][3]. Patterning of proteins has been accomplished at the micrometre level using microcontact printing [4,5], photolithography [6 -9], electron-beam lithography [10][11][12] and microfluidic channels [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially selective surface platforms for binding fibrinogen prepared by particle lithography with organosilanes

2013

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One contribution of 10 to a Theme Issue 'Molecular-, nano-and micro-devices for real-time in vivo sensing'. We introduce an approach based on particle lithography to prepare spatially selective surface platforms of organosilanes that are suitable for nanoscale studies of protein binding. Particle lithography was applied for patterning fibrinogen, a plasma protein that has a major role in the clotting cascade for blood coagulation and wound healing. Surface nanopatterns of mercaptosilanes were designed as sites for the attachment of fibrinogen within a protein-resistant matrix of 2-[methoxy( polyethyleneoxy)propyl] trichlorosilane (PEG-silane). Preparing site-selective surfaces was problematic in our studies, because of the self-reactive properties of PEG-organosilanes. Certain organosilanes presenting hydroxyl head groups will cross react to form mixed surface multi-layers. We developed a clever strategy with particle lithography using masks of silica mesospheres to protect small, discrete regions of the surface from cross reactions. Images acquired with atomic force microscopy (AFM) disclose that fibrinogen attached primarily to the surface areas presenting thiol head groups, which were surrounded by PEG-silane. The activity for binding anti-fibrinogen was further evaluated using ex situ AFM studies, confirming that after immobilization the fibrinogen nanopatterns retained capacity for binding immunoglobulin G. Studies with AFM provide advantages of achieving nanoscale resolution for detecting surface changes during steps of biochemical surface reactions, without requiring chemical modification of proteins or fluorescent labels.

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Nanolithography: Towards Fabrication of Nanodevices for Life Sciences

Cited by 7 publications

References 141 publications

Achieving Precision and Reproducibility for Writing Patterns of n‐alkanethiol Self‐assembled Monolayers with Automated Nanografting

Achieving Precision and Reproducibility for Writing Patterns of n‐alkanethiol Self‐assembled Monolayers with Automated Nanografting

Automated Scanning Probe Lithography with n-Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111): Application for Teaching Undergraduate Laboratories

Spatially selective surface platforms for binding fibrinogen prepared by particle lithography with organosilanes

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