Nanogeochemistry: Nanostructures and their Reactivity in Natural Systems

Abstract

Nanophases and nanostructures are widely present in natural environments. As a newly emerging research area, nanogeochemistry studies the formation and the reactivity of these nanophases and nanostructures as well as their controls on geochemical reactions and mass transfer. Nanogeochemical study will provide a key linkage between the molecular -level understanding of geochemical processes and the macro -scale laboratory and fi eld observations. The study will also possibly lead to the design of new materials and chemical processes for effective natural -resource extraction and environmental management. Nanogeochemistry is still in its infant stage. ' There ' s plenty of room ' in this area for geochemists to explore.

Nanoparticles and nanofluids in “water–rock” interactions

“…Поток флюида в пористой среде обычно описывается уравнением Дарси, которое имеет вид (Ziarani, Aguilera, 2012): (Wang et al, 2011). зависимости этого отношения от lgr для метана (λ = 167 нм при 25°С и давлении 1 бар) и для воды (λ = 3 нм).…”

“…В обзоре (Banfi eld, Zhang, 2001) большее внимание уделено полям стабильности и кинетике превращений минералов, влиянию бактерий и упорядоченному агрегированию. В обзорах (Wang, 2014;Wang et al, 2011) много данных о форме и размерах наночастиц, о поверхностном заряде и сорбции, о скоростях растворения. В данной работе более подробно изложены условия образования наночастиц, смачивание и испарение нанофлюидов, влияние выпуклой и вогнутой поверхности.…”

Radionuclide Interaction with Clays in Dilute and Heavily Compacted Systems: A Critical Review

“…That is why these two areas are separated in the figure. Similar arguments hold for Si–O phases , (see also for a broader view of nanoporous materials in earth systems). The difference in this chemical behavior has yet to be definitively understood; however, the physical structure of nanoporous materials is quite different from the idealized flat surface plane from which most surface complexation theory is derived.…”