There has been a growing interest in water purification
by graphene
oxide (GO) laminate membranes due to their exceptional hydrophilicity,
high throughput, and extraordinary separation performance originating
from their two-dimensional and well-defined nanostructure. However,
the swelling and stability in an aqueous environment are areas of
concern for the GO laminate membranes. Here, a novel methylimidazolium
ionic liquid-reduced GO (mimG)-assembled GO laminate membrane (mimG–GO)
with remarkable stability was fabricated by a vacuum-assisted strategy
for water purification. Methylimidazolium-based ionic liquid-reduced
graphene oxide (mimG) was prepared by a facile nucleophilic ring-opening
mechanism. Fabricated membranes were thoroughly characterized for
stability, structural, permeance, and rejection properties in an aqueous
environment. A combination of cationic mimG and GO nanosheets improves
membrane stability in the aqueous environment via cation−π
interactions and creates nanofluidic channels for facile water transport
while yielding significant enhancement in the salt and dye separation
performance. The pore size and the number of nanofluidic channels
were precisely controlled via material deposition and laminate thickness
to remove salts from water. The mimG–GO laminate membrane containing
72.2 mg m–2 deposition showed a permeance of 14.9
LMH bar–1, 50% higher than 9.7 LMH bar–1 of the neat GO laminate membrane, in addition to an increase in
Na2SO4 salt rejection from 46.6 to 77.4%, overcoming
the flux-rejection trade-off. The mimG–GO laminate membrane
also rejected various anionic dyes (i.e., 99.9% for direct red 80
(DR 80), 96.8% for reactive black 5 (RB 5), and 91.4% for methyl orange
(MO)). The mimG–GO laminate membrane containing 361.0 mg m–2 deposition showed the highest rejection for Na2SO4 (92.1%) and 99.9% rejection for DR 80, 99.0%
rejection for RB 5, and 98.1% rejection for MO dyes keeping a flux
of 2.6 LMH bar–1. Partial reduction and covalent
grafting of ionic liquid moieties on GO helped to enhance the cation−π
interaction between GO laminates, which showed enhanced stability,
frictionless water transport, with high salt and dye rejection. Moreover,
a simultaneous improvement in water permeance and solute rejection
reveals the great potential of ionic liquid-functionalized GO laminate
membranes for water-based applications.