Nanoflake CoN as a high capacity anode for Li-ion batteries

Das, B. K.; Reddy, M. V.; Malar, P.; Osipowicz, T.; Rao, G. V. Subba; Chowdari, B. V. R.

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2009.05.007

Cited by 102 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[222][223][224][225][226][227][228] Cyclic voltammetry revealed the existence of diverse redox peaks that evolve upon cycling. Specifi c capacities of 400-500 mAh g − 1 , close to the theoretical values for the conversion reaction, have been reported for the phases with N/M < 1 after a fi rst discharge to 0.01 V.…”

Section: Transition Metal Nitridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Intercalation‐Based Li‐Ion Batteries: The State of the Art and Challenges of Electrode Materials Reacting Through Conversion Reactions

et al. 2010

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Despite the imminent commercial introduction of Li-ion batteries in electric drive vehicles and their proposed use as enablers of smart grids based on renewable energy technologies, an intensive quest for new electrode materials that bring about improvements in energy density, cycle life, cost, and safety is still underway. This Progress Report highlights the recent developments and the future prospects of the use of phases that react through conversion reactions as both positive and negative electrode materials in Li-ion batteries. By moving beyond classical intercalation reactions, a variety of low cost compounds with gravimetric specific capacities that are two-to-five times larger than those attained with currently used materials, such as graphite and LiCoO(2), can be achieved. Nonetheless, several factors currently handicap the applicability of electrode materials entailing conversion reactions. These factors, together with the scientific breakthroughs that are necessary to fully assess the practicality of this concept, are reviewed in this report.

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Section: Transition Metal Nitridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Intercalation‐Based Li‐Ion Batteries: The State of the Art and Challenges of Electrode Materials Reacting Through Conversion Reactions

et al. 2010

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“…In addition, transition metal nitrides are also used as an anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In particularly, cobalt nitrides find place in Li 3−x Co x N, which shows a remarkable high reversible capacity and good cycle performance [7,8,9,10]. A lot of theoretical [11,12,13,14,15] and experimental [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23] reports are available on iron nitride (Fe-N) system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and magnetic properties of Co-N thin films deposited using magnetron sputtering at 523 K

Pandey

Gupta

et al. 2017

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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In this work, we studied cobalt nitride (Co-N) thin films deposited using a dc magnetron sputtering method at a substrate temperature (T s ) of 523 K. We find that independent of the reactive gas flow (R N 2 ) used during sputtering, the phases of Co-N formed at this temperature seems to be identical having N at.% ∼5. This is contrary to Co-N phases formed at lower T s . For T s ∼300 K, an evolution of Co-N phases starting from Co(N)→Co 4 N→Co 3 N→CoN can be seen as R N 2 increases to 100%, whereas when the substrate temperature increases to 523 K, the phase formed is a mixture of Co and Co 4 N, independent of the R N 2 used during sputtering. We used x-ray diffraction (XRD) to probe long range ordering, x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Co absorption edge for the local structure, Magneto-optical Kerr e ffect (MOKE) and polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR) to measure the magnetization of samples. Quantification of N at.% was done using secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). Measurements suggest that the magnetic moment of Co-N samples deposited at 523 K is slightly higher than the bulk Co moment and does not get affected with the R N 2 used for reactive sputtering. Our results provide an important insight about the phase formation of Co-N thin films which is discussed in this work.

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“…The most important advantage of conversion-type materials over insertion compounds is that, theoretically, all of the metal redox potentials of the active material can be utilized during cycling, which indicates a much higher capacity and energy density. Various conversion-type compounds, such as metal oxides [2][3][4], fluorides [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], sulfides [12][13][14][15], and nitrides [16][17][18][19], have been investigated as active materials for Li-ion batteries. Among them, only metal fluorides could be studied as cathode materials due to their relatively high operating potential, which is induced by highly ionic metal-ligand bonds [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Characteristics of Conversion-Type FeOF Cathode in Li-ion Batteries

2017

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Rutile FeOF was used as a conversion-type cathode material for Li-ion batteries. In the present study, 0.6Li, 1.4Li, and 2.7Li per mole lithiation reactions were carried out by changing the electrochemical discharge reaction depth. The thermal characteristics of the FeOF cathode were investigated by thermogravimetric mass spectrometric (TG-MS) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) systems. No remarkable HF release was detected, even up to 700 • C, which indicated a low toxic risk for the FeOF cathode. Changes in the thermal properties of the FeOF cathode via different conversion reaction depths in the associated electrolyte were studied by changing the cathode/electrolyte ratio in the mixture. LiFeOF was found to exothermically react with the electrolyte at about 210 • C. Similar exothermic reactions were found with charged FeOF cathodes because of the irreversible Li ions. Among the products of the conversion reaction of FeOF, Li 2 O was found to exothermically react with the electrolyte at about 120 • C, which induced the main thermal risk of the FeOF cathode. It suggests that the oxygen-containing conversion-type cathodes have a higher thermal risk than the oxygen-free ones, but controlling the cathode/electrolyte ratio in cells successfully reduced the thermal risk. Finally, the thermal stability of the FeOF cathode was evaluated in comparison with FeF 3 and LiFePO 4 cathodes.

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Nanoflake CoN as a high capacity anode for Li-ion batteries

Cited by 102 publications

References 23 publications

Beyond Intercalation‐Based Li‐Ion Batteries: The State of the Art and Challenges of Electrode Materials Reacting Through Conversion Reactions

Beyond Intercalation‐Based Li‐Ion Batteries: The State of the Art and Challenges of Electrode Materials Reacting Through Conversion Reactions

Structural and magnetic properties of Co-N thin films deposited using magnetron sputtering at 523 K

Thermal Characteristics of Conversion-Type FeOF Cathode in Li-ion Batteries

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