Nanofiltration using pore-filled membranes: effect of polyelectrolyte composition on performance

Childs, Ronald F.; Mika, Alicja M.; Pandey, Ashok K.; McCrory, Christopher T. C.; Mouton, Sylvain; Dickson, James M.

doi:10.1016/s1383-5866(00)00172-6

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The chloride ion concentrations obtained using neutron activation analysis and the ion-exchange capacity measurements were similar (within ±5%). The average volumetric charge density, X, in the pore-filling gels was calculated from the equivalent number of the fixed charges in a membrane sample, divided by the volume of the swollen gel in the sample (equal to the pore volume in the sample) [23].…”

Section: Membrane Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The choice of the substrate material as well as the chemicals used to prepare the gel precursor solutions used in this study was based on previous reports dealing with flat sheet gel-filled membranes [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][25][26][27][28][29][30]. This earlier work showed polypropylene flat sheet microfiltration (MF) membranes containing cross-linked poly(4-vinylpyridinium salt) (P4VP) gels were effective in NF applications.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Pore-filled Hollow Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50,000) with ␣,␣ -dichloro-p-xylene (DCX) [23,25,30]. The degree of cross-linking was kept at an optimum concentration of 10 mol% with respect to P4VP in all cases.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Pore-filled Hollow Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gel-filled membranes obtained by anchoring charged gels within the pores of a microporous support provide an alternative membrane construct to thin-film composite NF membranes . The separating component in these gel-filled membranes is a functionalized, solvent swollen polyelectrolyte gel that is either grafted to the pore-walls of the support [16] or, preferably, cross-linked and entangled with the structural elements of the support [23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The host restricts osmotic swelling of the gel, provides mechanical strength and dimensional stability. The hydraulic (Darcy) permeability of porefilled membranes is predominantly a function of the pore-filling gel, particularly its polymer volume fraction [23], as well as the substrate porosity and pore tortuosity [13]. Salt rejection is primarily dependent on the ratio of the membrane's effective charge density to the salt concentration in the feed coupled with volume flux through the membrane [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Gel-filled hollow fiber membranes for water softening

Suryanarayan

Mika

Childs

2006

Journal of Membrane Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Membrane Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Pore-filled Hollow Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50,000) with ␣,␣ -dichloro-p-xylene (DCX) [23,25,30]. The degree of cross-linking was kept at an optimum concentration of 10 mol% with respect to P4VP in all cases.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Pore-filled Hollow Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Gel-filled hollow fiber membranes for water softening

Suryanarayan

Mika

Childs

2006

Journal of Membrane Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pore‐Filled Membranes as Responsive Release Devices

Kang¹,

Dickson

2012

Responsive Membranes and Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultrafiltration Membranes Composed of Highly Cross‐Linked Cationic Polymer Gel: the Network Structure and Superior Separation Performance

Wang¹,

Samitsu²,

Ichinose³

2011

Advanced Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrophilic polymer gels are attractive materials for a wide range of applications in the life sciences and bioengineering. The gels are environmentally responsive and have high potential in numerous applications such as drug delivery, sensors, actuators, absorbents, and scaffolds. The transport of ions and molecules through hydrated polymer gels has been investigated by many researchers, as has the bioaffi nity and mechanical properties of these gels. [ 1 ] Poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) forms typical hydrated polymer gels. This polymer is readily cross-linked with alkyl dihalide at room temperature via quaternization of the pyridine groups. Cross-linkers of various size and shape can be used, resulting in P4VP gels with diverse structures and properties. Thin fi lms made of cross-linked poly(vinylpyridine) gels have been widely investigated as a means of applying stimuli-evoked optical, impedance, and volume changes to sensors and biodevices. [ 2 ] P4VP has intrinsic selective permeability for gases, [ 3 ] and the network structures of these gels can be controlled by controlling the extent of cross-linking. Therefore, this polymer has also been studied for its utility in gas separation, desalination, and pervaporation membranes. [ 4 ] However, like most polymer gels, P4VP gels are mechanically weak, and the gel membranes, which are generally supported on a microfi ltration membrane, have thicknesses of a few to several tens of micrometers. In order to be practical, the separation layer needs to be as thin as possible to realize high liquid/gas fl uxes, which requires that the gels are mechanically stable. We here report ultrafi ltration membranes with thicknesses of several tens to hundreds of nanometers, prepared from P4VP gels by means of a two-step cross-linking of the polymer chains. The detailed structure of the polymer network was characterized using spectroscopic techniques and permeation and rejection experiments. Furthermore, the gel membranes were demonstrated to distinguish between water-soluble proteins of different molecular masses.The methodology for preparing ultrathin ultrafi ltration membranes of the cross-linked P4VP gel is shown in Figure 1 . First, P4VP was cross-linked with 1,3-dibromopropane (DBP) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), then the resulting weakly gelled solution was diluted with water (Figure 1 a). To form P4VP gel membranes, we used an extremely fl at sacrifi cial layer of metal hydroxide nanostrands. Without this layer, the gel readily penetrates into the submicrometer pores of the microfi ltration membrane, resulting in decreased permeability to water. The nanostrands spontaneously form in dilute aqueous solution of copper, zinc, or cadmium nitrate (or chloride) upon neutralization of the solution with base (see Supporting Information). [ 5 ] In the present study, cadmium hydroxide nanostrands with a diameter of 1.9 nm and lengths of a few micrometers were fi ltered on a polycarbonate (PC) membrane fi lter (Figure 1 b). [ 6 ] The resultant ultrathin nanofi brous layer guaranteed the...

show abstract

Nanofiltration using pore-filled membranes: effect of polyelectrolyte composition on performance

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Gel-filled hollow fiber membranes for water softening

Gel-filled hollow fiber membranes for water softening

Pore‐Filled Membranes as Responsive Release Devices

Ultrafiltration Membranes Composed of Highly Cross‐Linked Cationic Polymer Gel: the Network Structure and Superior Separation Performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About