Nanofiltration technology for removal of pathogens present in drinking water

Singh, Rahul; Bhadouria, Rahul; Singh, Pardeep; Kumar, Ajay; Pandey, Shilpi; Singh, Vipin Kumar

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818783-8.00021-9

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Pressure-driven membranes with a mean pore size around 0.001 micron and applied pressure of 10–15 bar [ 178 , 179 ] retain dissolved small organic molecules, all viruses, synthetic dyes, mono- and multi-valent ions [ 178 ]. Therefore, nanofiltration have been applied widely for desalination of low salt contents [ 186 ], water softening, pretreatment of feed stream in high performance desalinations and antimicrobial processes in food and pharmaceutical applications [ 187 ]. Nanofiltration separation mechanism is based on sieving mechanism [ 188 ] and charge effects (relying on Donnan exclusion) [ 178 ].…”

Section: Environmental Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Electrospun Nanomaterials in the Future of Energy and Environment

2021

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Electrospinning is one of the most successful and efficient techniques for the fabrication of one-dimensional nanofibrous materials as they have widely been utilized in multiple application fields due to their intrinsic properties like high porosity, large surface area, good connectivity, wettability, and ease of fabrication from various materials. Together with current trends on energy conservation and environment remediation, a number of researchers have focused on the applications of nanofibers and their composites in this field as they have achieved some key results along the way with multiple materials and designs. In this review, recent advances on the application of nanofibers in the areas—including energy conversion, energy storage, and environmental aspects—are summarized with an outlook on their materials and structural designs. Also, this will provide a detailed overview on the future directions of demanding energy and environment fields.

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Section: Environmental Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis are specific procedures for eliminating microorganisms from water [ 187 ]. Nevertheless, biofilm formation as a result of deposition and growth of bacteria and viruses onto the membrane reduces their permeability and filtration performance.…”

Section: Environmental Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Electrospun Nanomaterials in the Future of Energy and Environment

2021

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“…In the last decades, polymer membranes held the dominance for industry applications. They are inexpensive, easy to use and their pore size can be tuned to fulfill the application needs, up to the removal of all ions and trace elements from water as in reversed osmosis (RO) [ 4 , 5 ]. Disadvantages, however, are their low temperature resistance, their limited resistance to solvents and other chemicals for cleaning and therefore their short lifetime and low filtration performance per square meter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Ceramic Membranes for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2021

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Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technology was used to coat alumina ceramic membranes with nanosized polyelectrolyte films. The polyelectrolyte chains form a network with nanopores on the ceramic surface and promote the rejection of small molecules such as pharmaceuticals, salts and industrial contaminants, which can otherwise not be eliminated using standard ultrafiltration methods. The properties and performance of newly developed hybrid membranes are in the focus of this investigation. The homogeneity of the applied coating layer was investigated by confocal fluorescence microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Properties such as permeability, bubble point, pore size distribution and Zeta potential were determined for both pristine and LbL coated membranes using various laboratory tests. Subsequently, a thorough comparison was drawn. The charging behavior at solid-liquid interface was characterized using streaming potential techniques. The retention potential was monitored by subjecting widely used pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac, ibuprofen and sulfamethoxazol. The results prove a successful elimination of pharmaceutical contaminants, up to 84% from drinking water, by applying a combination of polyelectrolyte multilayers and ceramic membranes.

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“…These properties enable the application of nanofiltration membranes in various industries: water and wastewater industry, dairy, sugar, beverage, pharmaceutical industries and others [ 2 ]. For example, nanofiltration has been globally used for water desalination, cleaning, softening [ 10 , 11 ] or for water pathogens removal [ 12 ]. In the dairy industry, salt or acid removal, increasing lactose content and whey protein concentration could be conducted by nanofiltration [ 6 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration with Nanofiltration of Red Wine Cabernet Sauvignon Produced from Conventionally and Ecologically Grown Grapes: Effect on Volatile Compounds and Chemical Composition

et al. 2021

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Ecological viticulture represent an upward trend in many countries. Unlike conventional viticulture, it avoids the use of chemical fertilizers and other additives, minimizing the impact of chemicals on the environment and human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of nanofiltration (NF) process on volatiles and chemical composition of conventional and ecological Cabernet Sauvignon red wine. The NF process was conducted on laboratory Alfa Laval LabUnit M20 (De Danske Sukkerfabrikker, Nakskov, Denmark) equipped with six NF M20 membranes in a plate module, at two temperature regimes, with and without cooling and four pressures (2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 MPa). Different processing parameters significantly influenced the permeate flux which increased when higher pressure was applied. In initial wines and obtained retentates, volatile compounds, chemical composition and elements concentration were determined. The results showed that the higher pressure and retentate cooling was more favourable for total volatiles retention than lower pressure and higher temperature. Individual compound retention depended on its chemical properties, applied processing parameters and wine composition. Nanofiltration process resulted in lower concentrations of ethanol, acetic acid (>50%), 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol (>90%). Different composition of initial feed (conventional and ecological wine) had an important impact on retention of elements.

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Nanofiltration technology for removal of pathogens present in drinking water

Cited by 31 publications

References 72 publications

The Role of Electrospun Nanomaterials in the Future of Energy and Environment

The Role of Electrospun Nanomaterials in the Future of Energy and Environment

Hybrid Ceramic Membranes for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Aqueous Solutions

Concentration with Nanofiltration of Red Wine Cabernet Sauvignon Produced from Conventionally and Ecologically Grown Grapes: Effect on Volatile Compounds and Chemical Composition

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