Nanofiltration Extraction of Uranium and Thorium from Aqueous Solutions

Kaptakov, V. O.; Milyutin, V. V.; Некрасова, Н. А.; Zelenin, P. G.; Kozlitin, E. A.

doi:10.1134/s1066362221020065

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the experiments, we used a nanofi ltration polymer membrane of NanoNF-1812 grade produced by the company "RM Nanotech" (Vladimir, Russia), with an eff ective fi ltration area of 0.3 m 2 . The characteristics of the membrane and a description of the laboratory setup are given in [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Methodological Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous works [9][10][11][12], in experiments on model solutions, it was shown that the NF method is very eff ective for the retention of multiply charged ions of transition metals, uranium, thorium, radionuclides of strontium, cobalt, europium, plutonium, organic complexing agents and surfactants. The main feature of the NF membrane is its low retention capacity for singly charged alkali metal ions, which makes it possible to separate the main inactive salt component of liquid radioactive waste of low and medium activity levels-sodium nitrate-from multiply charged active and inactive components [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanofiltration Purification of Liquid Radioactive Waste

Kaptakov,

Milyutin

2023

Radiochemistry

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The paper presents the results of testing the purification of real liquid radioactive waste from radionuclides, bottom residues of the Kola and Beloyarsk nuclear power plants (NPP), as well as low-level wastewater from the radiochemical building of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS (IPCE RAS) using the method of nanofiltration (NF) using a polymer membrane manufactured by the Russian company “RM Nanotech.” It has been shown that in the case of single-stage NF purification of bottoms of the Kola NPP, the coefficient of purification from 60Co is 2.8, while no purification from 137Cs practically occurs. When cleaning the bottom residues of the Beloyarsk NPP from 60Co using a five-stage scheme, a coefficient of purification from 60Co equal to 388 was obtained. The combination of nanofiltration purification and selective sorption of cesium on the ferrocyanide sorbent Temoksid-35 makes it possible to obtain a dry salt residue that is not related to radioactive waste. When using the method of nanofiltration for the treatment of low-level wastewater of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the degree of purification was, %: 137Сs ~ 75; 90Sr ~ 91; 241Am ~ 99.5; 152Eu ~ 91; 239Pu ~ 99.5.

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Section: Methodological Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofiltration Purification of Liquid Radioactive Waste

Kaptakov,

Milyutin

2023

Radiochemistry

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“…The analysis of the processes in which the minerals or waste containing thorium are processed shows that the classic technologies have material losses in the environment, which could be reduced with or through membrane techniques [ 232 , 233 , 234 , 235 , 236 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 243 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 , 252 , 253 , 254 , 255 ]. Thus, in the classical thorium recovery technologies, some disadvantages [ 1 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65…”

Section: Problems In Application and Achievement As Well As Developme...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The problem of thorium separation, concentration and recycling can be approached by analyzing some of the contributions that offer both priority research directions and viable technical solutions ( Table 6 ) [ 232 , 233 , 234 , 235 , 236 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 243 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 , 252 , 253 , 254 , 255 ].…”

Section: Problems In Application and Achievement As Well As Developme...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thorium Removal, Recovery and Recycling: A Membrane Challenge for Urban Mining

Man,

Albu,

Nechifor

et al. 2023

Membranes

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Although only a slightly radioactive element, thorium is considered extremely toxic because its various species, which reach the environment, can constitute an important problem for the health of the population. The present paper aims to expand the possibilities of using membrane processes in the removal, recovery and recycling of thorium from industrial residues reaching municipal waste-processing platforms. The paper includes a short introduction on the interest shown in this element, a weak radioactive metal, followed by highlighting some common (domestic) uses. In a distinct but concise section, the bio-medical impact of thorium is presented. The classic technologies for obtaining thorium are concentrated in a single schema, and the speciation of thorium is presented with an emphasis on the formation of hydroxo-complexes and complexes with common organic reagents. The determination of thorium is highlighted on the basis of its radioactivity, but especially through methods that call for extraction followed by an established electrochemical, spectral or chromatographic method. Membrane processes are presented based on the electrochemical potential difference, including barro-membrane processes, electrodialysis, liquid membranes and hybrid processes. A separate sub-chapter is devoted to proposals and recommendations for the use of membranes in order to achieve some progress in urban mining for the valorization of thorium.

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“…Both thorium and tungsten are obtained from ores by established processes such as hydrometallurgical treatment [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], separation [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ], and treatment of alloys [ 25 ]. Moreover, tungsten has been the focus of process engineers for its recovery from various residues through electrolytic processes and acid or basic solubilization processes [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneously Recovery of Thorium and Tungsten through Hybrid Electrolysis–Nanofiltration Processes

Man,

Albu,

Nechifor

et al. 2024

Toxics

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The recovery and recycling of metals that generate toxic ions in the environment is of particular importance, especially when these are tungsten and, in particular, thorium. The radioactive element thorium has unexpectedly accessible domestic applications (filaments of light bulbs and electronic tubes, welding electrodes, and working alloys containing aluminum and magnesium), which lead to its appearance in electrical and electronic waste from municipal waste management platforms. The current paper proposes the simultaneous recovery of waste containing tungsten and thorium from welding electrodes. Simultaneous recovery is achieved by applying a hybrid membrane electrolysis technology coupled with nanofiltration. An electrolysis cell with sulphonated polyether–ether–ketone membranes (sPEEK) and a nanofiltration module with chitosan–polypropylene membranes (C–PHF–M) are used to carry out the hybrid process. The analysis of welding electrodes led to a composition of W (tungsten) 89.4%; Th 7.1%; O2 2.5%; and Al 1.1%. Thus, the parameters of the electrolysis process were chosen according to the speciation of the three metals suggested by the superimposed Pourbaix diagrams. At a constant potential of 20.0 V and an electrolysis current of 1.0 A, the pH is varied and the possible composition of the solution in the anodic workspace is analyzed. Favorable conditions for both electrolysis and nanofiltration were obtained at pH from 6 to 9, when the soluble tungstate ion, the aluminum hydroxide, and solid thorium dioxide were formed. Through the first nanofiltration, the tungstate ion is obtained in the permeate, and thorium dioxide and aluminum hydroxide in the concentrate. By adding a pH 13 solution over the two precipitates, the aluminum is solubilized as sodium aluminate, which will be found after the second nanofiltration in the permeate, with the thorium dioxide remaining integrally (within an error of ±0.1 ppm) on the C–PHF–M membrane.

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Nanofiltration Extraction of Uranium and Thorium from Aqueous Solutions

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Nanofiltration Purification of Liquid Radioactive Waste

Nanofiltration Purification of Liquid Radioactive Waste

Thorium Removal, Recovery and Recycling: A Membrane Challenge for Urban Mining

Simultaneously Recovery of Thorium and Tungsten through Hybrid Electrolysis–Nanofiltration Processes

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