Nanofiltration

Mänttäri, Mika; Bruggen, Bart Van der; Nyström, Marianne

doi:10.1002/9781118493441.ch9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These organic membranes can be sorted according to their hydrophilicity or corresponding hydrophobicity. A hydrophilic membrane is less susceptible to fouling from a variety of biorefinery feeds due to the water content, but is more susceptible to deformation due to pH and temperature swings; a hydrophobic material is more useful for the separation of oils (Mänttäri et al, 2013).…”

Section: Organic/polymeric Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

2017

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HIGHLIGHTS Various biodiesel purification methods, i.e., equilibrium-based, affinity-based, and reaction-based separation techniques along with membrane technology and solid-liquid separation processes were reviewed.Deoxygenating process via hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation/decarbonylation pathways is a common way to upgrade bio-based oils to produce biorenewable diesel with excellent fuel properties. Catalysts and operating conditions, i.e., pressure, temperature, and contact time, are the most important variables in biodiesel upgrading discussed herein. Serious environmental concerns regarding the use of fossil-based fuels have raised awareness regarding the necessity of alternative clean fuels and energy carriers. Biodiesel is considered a clean, biodegradable, and non-toxic diesel substitute produced via the transesterification of triglycerides with an alcohol in the presence of a proper catalyst. After initial separation of the by-product (glycerol), the crude biodiesel needs to be purified to meet the standard specifications prior to marketing. The presence of impurities in the biodiesel not only significantly affects its engine performance but also complicates its handling and storage. Therefore, biodiesel purification is an essential step prior to marketing. Biodiesel purification methods can be classified based on the nature of the process into equilibrium-based, affinity-based, membrane-based, reaction-based, and solid-liquid separation processes. The main adverse properties of biodiesel -namely moisture absorption, corrosiveness, and high viscosity -primarily arise from the presence of oxygen. To address these issues, several upgrading techniques have been proposed, among which catalytic (hydro)deoxygenation using conventional hydrotreating catalysts, supported metallic materials, and most recently transition metals in various forms appear promising. Nevertheless, catalyst deactivation (via coking) and/or inadequacy of product yields necessitate further research. This paper provides a comprehensive overview on the techniques and methods used for biodiesel purification and upgrading. ABSTRACT

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Section: Organic/polymeric Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these membranes have not been studied for the purposes of biodiesel purification. Additionally, their hydrophobicity would prove challenging to implement due to fouling from agglomeration mechanisms (Mänttäri et al, 2013).…”

Section: Organic/polymeric Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

2017

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“…Furthermore, new techniques have being investigated in order to increase the processes performance and hence raise the revenues. Nanofiltration is an innovative technique among the pressure driven membrane filtration methods (Mänttäri et al, 2013, Ecker et al, 2012. These membranes can be easily integrated with the conventional fermentors combining production and purification in the same operation unit and therefore reducing the capital investment (Kumar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acids production focusing on fermentation technologies – A review

D’Este

Alvarado-Morales

Angelidaki

2018

Biotechnology Advances

214

117

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“…Selective, consistent separation, and the increased product yield in combination with a low energy consumption have made cross-flow filtration a suitable technique for the downstream processing of high-volume chemicals obtained from petrochemicals and fermentation processes (Abels et al 2013). In conventional filtration, the feed flow is perpendicular to the membrane surface (Mänttäri et al 2013). This causes a buildup of debris, which eventually reduces fluid permeation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of spiral-wound membrane modules for the cross-flow nanofiltration of fermentation broth obtained from a pilot plant fermentation reactor for the continuous production of lactic acid

Laube

Schneider

Venus

2017

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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BackgroundThe separation performance of seven polymer membranes for the nanofiltration of sodium lactate in fermentation broth was investigated. Each module was introduced into the test stand, and the system curve was obtained by recording the permeate flow velocity at different pump head levels. Performance benchmarks were good permeate quality, as determined by high permeate flow velocity, high sodium lactic concentration, low ion impurity concentration, and low organic impurity concentration. Market research has shown that three companies, DOW (TW30, SW30, NF45), General Electric (DK73, DL73), and Microdyn-Nadir (NP30), distributed spiral-wound membrane modules for cross-flow filtration in a 2.5 by 40-in. module size, suitable for operation in the filtration test stand.ResultsThe measured permeate flow velocity was found to vary widely between the membranes. At a pump head of 250 m, DK73, NP30, and DL73 generated more than 200, 300, and 400% higher permeate flow velocities, respectively, than TW30 and NF45. A key benchmark, lactate rejection, was also highly dependent upon membrane type. The NP30, NF45, and TW30 membranes showed a decrease in lactate permeate flow velocity of 117, 83, and 348% starting at 205, 250, and 300 m, respectively.ConclusionsThe DL73 had the overall best performance according to the measured fermentation broth and lactic acid permeability. The presented method for the graphical analysis of the membrane performance proofed to be a useful tool for the filtration engineer.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40643-016-0133-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Nanofiltration

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

Amino acids production focusing on fermentation technologies – A review

Investigation of spiral-wound membrane modules for the cross-flow nanofiltration of fermentation broth obtained from a pilot plant fermentation reactor for the continuous production of lactic acid

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