Nanofibrous Membranes Containing Reactive Groups:  Electrospinning from Poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) for Lipase Immobilization

Abstract

Novel nanofibrous membranes containing reactive carboxyl groups were fabricated from poly-(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) (PANCMA) by the electrospinning process. The morphology and fiber diameter were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the fiber diameter could be varied from 100 to 600 nm by changing the solution concentration. Lipase from Candida rugosa was covalently immobilized onto the membrane surface via the activation of carboxyl groups in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-((dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxylsuccinimide. The properties of the immobilized lipases on the nanofibrous and hollow fiber PANCMA membranes were measured. It was found that, compared with the hollow fiber membrane, the enzyme loading and the activity retention of the immobilized lipase on the nanofibrous membrane increase from 2.36 ( 0.06 to 21.2 ( 0.7 mg/g and from 33.9 to 37.6%, respectively. The kinetic constants of the free and immobilized lipases, K m and V max , were assayed. Results indicate that the V max values are similar for both immobilized enzymes, while the K m value of the immobilized enzyme decreases from 1.36 on the hollow fiber membrane to 0.98 on the nanofibrous membrane. The studied lipase-immobilized nanofibers can be used as biocatalysts for polyester synthesis and/or in situ formation of nanofiber reinforcement composites.

Covalent immobilization of redox enzyme on electrospun nonwoven poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐acrylic acid) nanofiber mesh filled with carbon nanotubes: A comprehensive study

“…Catalase was covalently immobilized onto the nanofiber mesh with the EDC/NHS activation procedure, as described previously (Ye et al, 2006a). An appropriate amount (2.00 mg) of nanofiber mesh was thoroughly washed with de-ionized water, and then rinsed with phosphate buffer solution (50 mM, pH 7.0).…”

“…The jets within the electric field are directed toward the grounded target, during which they dry to form fibers. Until recently, rapidly increasing attention has been paid to its unique ability for the production of polymer fibers with diameter in the range from several micrometers down to tens of nanometers (Acatay et al, 2004;Demir et al, 2004;Dzenis, 2004;Li and Xia, 2004;Ye et al, 2006a). Nonwoven polymer nanofiber mesh possesses great potentials in a large amount of applications, and one of them has been for improving efficiency in enzymatic biotransformations (Chen and Hsieh, 2005;Herricks et al, 2005;Jia et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2005;Sawicka et al, 2005;Wang and Hsieh, 2004;Wu et al, 2005;Ye et al, 2006a,b).…”

Nano-Immobilized Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production from Renewable and Sustainable Resources

“…Electrospun nanofibers are promising carriers to overcome these issues [44,[60][61][62][63]. Nanofiber membranes have a large surface area for enzyme loading and high porosity for efficient substrate diffusion.…”

Polymer materials for enzyme immobilization and their application in bioreactors

“…Lipases can be chemical covalently immobilized onto the nanofibers with functional groups on the surface. For example, nanofibrous membranes containing reactive carboxyl groups were fabricated from PANCMA by electrospinning (43). Then, CRL was covalently attached onto the nanofibrous membrane surface via the activation of carboxyl groups in the presence of EDC/NHS.…”

“…It has been mentioned earlier that the nanofibers electrospun from PANCMA was used for lipase immobilization (43). With availability of functional groups on the surface of the nanofibers, they can react with biomacromolecules such as chitosan or gelatin to build dual-layer biomimetic surface for lipase immobilization (51).…”