Nanofibrillated cellulose and its applications in cement-based composites: A review

Santos, Rodrigo Felipe; Ribeiro, José Carlos Lopes; Carvalho, José Maria Franco de; Magalhães, Washington Luiz Esteves; Pedroti, Leonardo Gonçalves; Nalon, Gustavo Henrique; Lima, Gustavo Emílio Soares de

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123122

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Comparing the materials developed in this research with previous works, a larger quantity of nanocellulose was admixed with no flocculation issues, with consequent larger increases in compressive strength with respect to what is generally achieved. Indeed, as summarized by Santos et al ([ 14 ] and references therein), in most works where NC reaches significant % additions it is added as powder in the mixer and a plasticizer is required: this result is a lower improvement in mechanical resistance. Our choice of suspending NC clearly improved dispersion, making its presence more effective as also recently shown by Oliveira de Souza et al [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first literature works in the field were mostly about the addition of microcellulose [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]; the exclusive use of NC is more recent [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], as a result of extensive efforts in reducing clogging due to flocculation issues. Indeed, NC demonstrated potential in modifying both fresh and hardened properties of concrete and mortars, from the reduction of bleeding and segregation phenomena [ 13 ], to enhanced cement paste curing and, more generally speaking, strengthening effects [ 14 , 15 ] and to self-healing [ 16 ]. Moreover, Guo et al summarized the effects of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), bacterial cellulose (BC), and cellulose filaments (CF) not only on the mechanical resistance of cementitious materials, but also on their fresh properties, such as rheology, shrinkage, hydration, as well as their durability [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While several works focus on mechanical properties, as previously summarized, much less information is available regarding the modifications that NC produces on durability. Actually, Santos et al [ 14 ] offered an overview of CNF mortar additive ability in enhancing durability. The CNF nanoadmixtures provided cement matrixes with lower sulfate penetration (~50%), greater thermal resistance (no microcracks at 250 °C), and greater resistance to accelerated freeze-thaw (an increase by 20% in flexural strength and 25% in modulus of elasticity after 200 wet-dry cycles).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suspended Multifunctional Nanocellulose as Additive for Mortars

et al. 2022

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Cellulose derivatives have found significant applications in composite materials, mainly because of the increased mechanical performance they ensure. When added to cement-based materials, either in the form of nanocrystals, nanofibrils or micro/nanofibers, cellulose acts on the mixture with fresh and hardened properties, affecting rheology, shrinkage, hydration, and the resulting mechanical properties, microstructure, and durability. Commercial cotton wool was selected as starting material to produce multifunctional nanocelluloses to test as additives for mortars. Cotton wool was oxidized to oxidized nanocellulose (ONC), a charged nanocellulose capable of electrostatic interaction, merging cellulose and nanoparticles properties. Oxidized nanocellulose (ONC) was further functionalized by a radical-based mechanism with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and with a mixture of GMA and the crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) affording ONC-GMA and ONC-GMA-EGDMA, both multifunctional-charged nanocellulose merging cellulose and bound acrylates properties. In this work, only ONC was found to be properly suitable for suspension and addition to a commercial mortar to assess the variation in mechanical properties and water-mortar interactions as a consequence of the modified microstructure obtained. The addition of oxidized nanocellulose caused an alteration of mortar porosity, with a decreased percentage of porosity and pore size distribution shifted towards smaller pores, with a consequent increase in compressive resistance, decrease in water absorption coefficient, and increased percentage of micropores present in the material, indicating a potential improvement in mortar durability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suspended Multifunctional Nanocellulose as Additive for Mortars

et al. 2022

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“…This hydrogen bond-forming capability helps the material develop a dense and strong network [22]. Many different kinds of nano-cellulosic materials are described in the literature, such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) [23], nanofibrillated cellulose (NFCs) [24] and bacterial nanocellulose (BNCs) [25]. As nanocellulose can be derived from different cellulosic sources, each displays varying properties and some are derived from natural sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Marriage Chemistry and Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots–Nanocellulose Composite: A Brief Review

2021

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Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are zero-dimensional carbon-based materials, while nanocellulose is a nanomaterial that can be derived from naturally occurring cellulose polymers or renewable biomass resources. The unique geometrical, biocompatible and biodegradable properties of both these remarkable nanomaterials have caught the attention of the scientific community in terms of fundamental research aimed at advancing technology. This study reviews the preparation, marriage chemistry and applications of GQDs–nanocellulose composites. The preparation of these composites can be achieved via rapid and simple solution mixing containing known concentration of nanomaterial with a pre-defined composition ratio in a neutral pH medium. They can also be incorporated into other matrices or drop-casted onto substrates, depending on the intended application. Additionally, combining GQDs and nanocellulose has proven to impart new hybrid nanomaterials with excellent performance as well as surface functionality and, therefore, a plethora of applications. Potential applications for GQDs–nanocellulose composites include sensing or, for analytical purposes, injectable 3D printing materials, supercapacitors and light-emitting diodes. This review unlocks windows of research opportunities for GQDs–nanocellulose composites and pave the way for the synthesis and application of more innovative hybrid nanomaterials.

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“…at a nanoscale. It has several unique features such as high aspect ratio, high surface area, low density, and superior mechanical properties (Santos et al 2021). Among these nanocelluloses, CNF and CF have a higher aspect ratio than others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofibrillated celluloses for the performance improvement of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites

Liang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This study explored the effect of nanofibrillated celluloses (CNF), namely 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.15% of binders weight, on the hydration, rheology, pore structure, and mechanical properties of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites (UHDCC). The hydration kinetics were conducted with different CNF contents using isothermal calorimetry (IC), showing a retardation effect of CNF on the early hydration of UHDCC matrices at 70 h due to the absorption of CNF on the surface of cement particles. Then, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that CNF improved the degree of hydration at 28 days due to the formation of the CNF transport of water into unhydrated cement cores. The two rheological parameters, namely the yield stress and plastic viscosity, of the fresh UHDCC matrices increased with the increasing CNF contents. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analysis, as a non-destructive method, proved that the addition of CNF could reduce the porosity of UHDCC and refine its pore size distribution, and the 8.9–46.1% enhancement in the compressive strength of corresponding specimens was found. Notably, CNF could increase the tensile initial cracking stress by 91.2% and tensile stress by 30.8% of UHDCC, and maintain or increase its over 8% of tensile strain-hardening capacity. The flexural tests also were found a 54.6% increase in the initial stress and a 14.8% increase in the peak stress. As a preliminary, CNF shows crucial promising as a greener nanomaterial to improve the strength and ductility of UHDCC.

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Nanofibrillated cellulose and its applications in cement-based composites: A review

Cited by 40 publications

References 114 publications

Suspended Multifunctional Nanocellulose as Additive for Mortars

Suspended Multifunctional Nanocellulose as Additive for Mortars

Preparation, Marriage Chemistry and Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots–Nanocellulose Composite: A Brief Review

Nanofibrillated celluloses for the performance improvement of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites

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