Nanofiber scaffolding for improved neural electrode biocompatibility

DiPaolo, B.C.; Moxon, K. A.

doi:10.1109/nebc.2003.1215972

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, neurons around the coated microelectrode were consistently almost 5 microns farther away than for the uncoated, the same distance as the PLAGA layer ( Figure 8 E). These results suggest that when considering coating micorelectrodes to make them more bioactive, the thickness of the coating must be considered because it can increases the distance of the recording site from the neurons [ 78 ].…”

Section: Bioactive Interventions To Modulate Gliosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Recordings of Multiple, Single-Neurons for Clinical Applications: The Emerging Role of the Bioactive Microelectrode

et al. 2009

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In 1999 we reported an important demonstration of a working brain-machine interface (BMI), in which recordings from multiple, single neurons in sensorimotor cortical areas of rats were used to directly control a robotic arm to retrieve a water reward. Subsequent studies in monkeys, using a similar approach, demonstrated that primates can use a BMI device to control a cursor on a computer screen and a robotic arm. Recent studies in humans with spinal cord injuries have shown that recordings from multiple, single neurons can be used by the patient to control the cursor on a computer screen. The promise is that one day it will be possible to use these control signals from neurons to re-activate the patient’s own limbs. However, the ability to record from large populations of single neurons for long periods of time has been hampered because either the electrode itself fails or the immunological response in the tissue surrounding the microelectrode produces a glial scar, preventing single-neuron recording. While we have largely solved the problem of mechanical or electrical failure of the electrode itself, much less is known about the long term immunological response to implantation of a microelectrode, its effect on neuronal recordings and, of greatest importance, how it can be reduced to allow long term single neuron recording. This article reviews materials approaches to resolving the glial scar to improve the longevity of recordings. The work to date suggests that approaches utilizing bioactive interventions that attempt to alter the glial response and attract neurons to the recording site are likely to be the most successful. Importantly, measures of the glial scar alone are not sufficient to assess the effect of interventions. It is imperative that recordings of single neurons accompany any study of glial activation because, at this time, we do not know the precise relationship between glial activation and loss of neuronal recordings. Moreover, new approaches to immobilize bioactive molecules on microelectrode surfaces while maintaining their functionality may open new avenues for very long term single neuron recording. Finally, it is important to have quantitative measures of glial upregulation and neuronal activity in order to assess the relationship between the two. These types of studies will help rationalize the study of interventions to improve the longevity of recordings from microelectrodes.

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Section: Bioactive Interventions To Modulate Gliosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Recordings of Multiple, Single-Neurons for Clinical Applications: The Emerging Role of the Bioactive Microelectrode

et al. 2009

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“…Electrospun fibers have been used to improve the biocompatibility of neural electrodes. [248][249][250]. It is, therefore, possible that the synergistic effects of encapsulating concentration gradients of neurotrophic factors provide a sustained availability of neuroprotective agents and direct neurite penetration towards neural electrodes for enhanced tissue-implant integration and signal transduction.…”

Section: Direct Pc12 Cell Culture Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such biomimicking substrates may provide physical cues to direct cell fate [179,180,245,246] and enhance nerve regeneration [106,181,247]. The versatility of the electrospining process has also allowed the implementation of these nanofibers as surface coatings to enhance neural electrode implant-tissue integration [248][249][250].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun nanofibers with chemotactic concentration gradient for tissue engineering applications

Handarmin¹

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Nanofiber scaffolding for improved neural electrode biocompatibility

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Long-Term Recordings of Multiple, Single-Neurons for Clinical Applications: The Emerging Role of the Bioactive Microelectrode

Long-Term Recordings of Multiple, Single-Neurons for Clinical Applications: The Emerging Role of the Bioactive Microelectrode

Electrospun nanofibers with chemotactic concentration gradient for tissue engineering applications

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