Nanoengineered textiles: from advanced functional nanomaterials to groundbreaking high-performance clothing

Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis and Antimicrobial Effect on Fibrous Materials

“…Parameters such as exhaustion temperature, time, pH, concentration of nanomaterial solution, and addition of auxiliary agents play a crucial role in this process. Once the fabric is taken out from the solution, it is washed and dried [ 33 , 36 ]. The padding process is a traditional method and involves the use of a pair of rollers where the textile is immersed in a nanomaterial dispersion and then it is directed to move in between the rollers.…”

“…The pressure of the rollers and the speed of the fabric moves through the roller are vital in this procedure. Once the textile is passed out of the roller, it is then dried and cured, which helps to keep the nanomaterial on to the surface [ 33 , 37 , 38 ]. Dip coating is another impregnation method to coat nanoparticles on fibers or fabrics.…”

“…The materials are dipped into the coating bath. The fibers/fabrics obtained are dried and may be cured, which enhance the adhesion between nanomaterial and the fibers/fabrics [ 33 , 39 ]. Electroless deposition is a common method used to deposit metal on nonconductive surfaces.…”

“…The electroless deposition will be carried out, as long as it is immersed in the bath. It is a simple technique and facilitates the adhesion of the nanoparticles onto the surface [ 33 , 40 , 41 ]. The print method was used by very few authors using a AuNPs paste made up of thickener, binder, and nanomaterial.…”

Functionalization of polymers and nanomaterials for water treatment, food packaging, textile and biomedical applications: a review

“…Utilizing nanotechnology has great effects in the textile industry due to its cost-effectiveness and feasibility via integrating different types of nanomaterials with specific features with the ability to be used in diverse fields including sports, healthcare, military and fashion (Pakdel et al 2020). Furthermore, nanotechnology has introduced the smart textiles via applying stimuli-responsive polymers with the ability to sense and respect to the environmental changes, which could provide a huge global market with about 26% annual growth rate (Pereira et al 2020).…”