Nanodiamond‐Based Separators for Supercapacitors Realized on Paper Substrates

Abstract

In response to the request for sustainable high performance energy storage devices, a significant interest is focused on developing environmentally friendly supercapacitors. In this context, cellulose‐based substrates for energy storage devices can be well‐engineered, lightweight, safe, thin, and flexible. Herein, a scalable, low‐cost, and easy‐to‐process approach for the preparation of supercapacitors using large area techniques like spray and blade coating is presented. Following a green strategy, all components are chosen or formulated in water‐based dispersions. Symmetric supercapacitors using common copy paper and electronic paper as the substrate, and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as electrodes, are realized and investigated. The novelty of this work consists of the use of composites based on detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) as a solid‐state electrolyte and separator. Devices with solution electrolyte using the same HPC + DND composite but with the addition of sodium sulfate are prepared. The performance obtained using solid electrolyte (HPC + DNDs) and liquid electrolyte (HPC + DNDs + Na2SO4) on both substrates is comparable in terms of specific capacitance: ≈0.13 – 0.52 F g−1 for (HPC + DNDs) and ≈0.35 – 0.82 F g−1 for (HPC + DNDs + Na2SO4), with power density in the range of ≈19 – 24 μW cm−2.

Hierarchical Sb2S3/SnS2/C heterostructure with improved performance for sodium-ion batteries

“…Thus, the system of Sb 2 S 3 /SnS 2 /C heterojunction composites in the NaPF 6 -diglyme electrolyte was chosen for the following indepth measurements. According to previous reports, a nanodiamond is characterized by a large specific surface area and chemical inertness; as such, ions can easily adsorb on its surface and form a stable SEI film, thus reducing the occurrence of side reactions [34][35][36][37]. Here, the nanodiamond dispersion with a mass content of 5% was used to modify the separator, which not only helped increase the amount of electrolyte adsorbed but also maintained the integrity of the separator.…”

A Sustainable Hydroxypropyl Cellulose-Nanodiamond Composite for Flexible Electronic Applications

“…In the last decades, the growing awareness of environmental crisis triggered the scientific community to devote significant efforts to produce and design sustainable electronic devices with high performance and reduced fabrication costs [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In the scenario of the materials showing potential for such applications, cellulose is one of the preferred green biopolymers.…”

“…Although the applications of nanodiamond-based systems were at first related to diamond thermal and mechanical reinforcing and stabilizing properties, many studies subsequently proved that DND alone or in form of nanocomposite can be used to produce nano-electronic components, selective adsorbents and catalysts, abrasive tools, polishing compounds, lubricants, and materials for biology and medicine [ 1 , 10 , 12 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Interfacial Contributions in Nanodiamond-Reinforced Polymeric Fibers

“…Since their discovery in the 1960s and the regained interest in the early 2000s, nanodiamonds (NDs) have emerged as a carbon-based nanomaterial with wide-ranging applications in bioimaging, , drug delivery, − electrochemistry, , and tribology , as well as polymer composites. − Large-scale and low-cost production of NDs, accomplished via detonation synthesis, results in particles with a diamond core containing graphitic carbon and soot. Further purification using an acid–based treatment oxidizes the graphitic carbon, generating ultrafine ND particles containing carbon–oxygen functionality in its outer periphery and a particle size of roughly 4–10 nm with a narrow size distribution, spherical morphology, and a strong agglomeration potential. , …”

“…Since their discovery in the 1960s and the regained interest in the early 2000s, 1 nanodiamonds (NDs) have emerged as a carbon-based nanomaterial with wide-ranging applications in bioimaging, 2,3 drug delivery, 4−6 electrochemistry, 7,8 and tribology 9,10 as well as polymer composites. 11−13 Large-scale and low-cost production of NDs, accomplished via detonation synthesis, 14 results in particles with a diamond core containing graphitic carbon and soot.…”