Nanocrystalline Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film synthesized at different dip times by chemical bath deposition technique

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition technique on a glass substrates at a temperature of 80°C and at different deposition times with composition of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 ), thiourea (CS (NH 2 ) 2 ), ammonia solution (NH 4 OH) and triethanolamine (TEA) solution. The characterization of thin films was carried out for the structural, morphological and optical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and UV-VIS spectrophotometer. XRD studies show that the preferential orientation (002), analysis shows that the prepared samples have hexagonal crystal structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals small nanosized grains tied up in a fibrous-like porous structure uniformly distributed over the surface of the substrate for the CdS films. A UV-VIS optical spectroscopy study was carried out to determine the band gap of the nanocrystalline CdS thin films. The average band gap was found to be 2.25 eV, which is lower than the bulk value (2.4 eV). The increase in absorption coefficient with photon energy makes the deposited CdS thin film a suitable candidate for the fabrication of solar cells.

Importance of CdS buffer layer thickness on Cu2ZnSnS4-based solar cell efficiency

“…Since the most intense diffraction angle position of hexagonal and cubic structures matches within 1%, determination of the exact crystal structure by XRD became difficult. The peak observed at 26.7° is given a (0 0 2) phase of hexagonal structure [53] whereas at 26.6° it represents the cubic structure of the (1 1 1) plane [54]. The second diffraction peak was detected at approximately 44.10° for all films; this corresponds to a (2 2 0) reflection of the cubic phase [55].…”