Nanocomposite of nickel oxide nanoparticles and polyethylene oxide as printable hole transport layer for organic solar cells

Abstract

Low temperature NiOx is achieved using PEO as sacrificial ink additive to make hole transport layer for solar cells.

Plasmas for additive manufacturing

“…A process has been recently reported that combines inkjet printing, low‐temperature thermal annealing at 100°C, and a short duration O 2 plasma to create NiO x electrode structures with performance characteristics that are comparable with devices that utilize conventional sol‐gel NiO x electrodes. [ 137 ] The ink consisted of NiO x nanoparticles in ethanol that were mixed with polyethylene oxide (PEO) and dispersed in diethylene glycol. The PEO aided in mitigating agglomeration of the NiO x nanoparticles.…”

Metal oxide heterojunctions using a printable nickel oxide ink

“…NiO based printed devices have been used in several applications, such as pesticide detection, 36 as thermistors, 37 and as hole-transport layers in solar cells. 38 Pure ZnO is a wide bandgap semiconductor, with a direct gap of 3.37 eV, and a work function of 4.65 eV. 8,39 The presence of oxygen vacancies (V O ) causes shallow donor states near the bottom of the conduction band.…”

Application of Electrically Conducting Nanocomposite Material Polythiophene@NiO/Frt/GOx as Anode for Enzymatic Biofuel Cells

“…EDX surface mapping supports the confirmation of SEM analysis of Pth and Pth@NiO by indicating the presence of elemental composition. Figure 1f exhibits the presence of inorganic NiO particles in polymer matrix, in addition to C and S [36,37].…”

“…Figure 1a displays the morphology of Pth matrix and, on the other hand, Figure 1b confirms the incorporation of NiO particles in Pth matrix, which is further assured by SEM micrograph of Figure 1c,d at higher magnification. EDX surface mapping supports the confirmation of SEM analysis of Pth and Pth@NiO by indicating the presence of elemental composition.Figure 1fexhibits the presence of inorganic NiO particles in polymer matrix, in addition to C and S[36,37].…”