Nanocomposite Multilayer Binary Nitride Coatings Based on Transition and Refractory Metals: Structure and Properties

Pogrebnjak, A.D.; Smyrnova, Kateryna; Бондар, О. В.

doi:10.3390/coatings9030155

Cited by 57 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…MeN x films are slightly off-stoichiometric: overstoichiometric ZrN 1. 15 and AlN 1.30 films and substoichiometric CrN 0.83 films were obtained. However, the SiN x film has the Si 3 N 4 stoichiometry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multilayers based on TMN usually belong to the first category [12][13][14][15][16][17]. The comparison of hardness and other mechanical characteristics of multilayered coatings made of alternate stacking of various TMN is given in [15]. It is pointed that the TiN/VN multilayered coatings are one of the most successful examples of superhard materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Properties and Oxidation Resistance of ZrN/SiNx, CrN/SiNx and AlN/SiNx Multilayered Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering Technique

et al. 2020

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In the present work, the structure, stress state and phase composition of MeN/SiNx (Me = Zr, Cr, Al) multilayered films with the thickness of elementary layers in nanoscale range, as well as their stability to high temperature oxidation, were studied. Monolithic (reference) and multilayered films were deposited on Si substrates at the temperatures of 300 °C (ZrN/SiNx and AlN/SiNx systems) or 450 °C (CrN/SiNx) by reactive magnetron sputtering. The thickness ratios of MeN to SiNx were 5 nm/2 nm, 5 nm/5 nm, 5 nm/10 nm and 2 nm/5 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray Reflectivity (XRR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) testified to the uniform alternation of MeN and SiNx layers with sharp interlayer boundaries. It was observed that MeN sublayers have a nanocrystalline structure with (001) preferred orientation at 5 nm, but are X-ray amorphous at 2 nm, while SiNx sublayers are always X-ray amorphous. The stability of the coatings to oxidation was investigated by in situ XRD analysis (at the temperature range of 400–950 °C) along with the methods of wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after air annealing procedure. Reference ZrN and CrN films started to oxidize at the temperatures of 550 and 700 °C, respectively, while the AlN reference film was thermally stable up to 950 °C. Compared to reference monolithic films, MeN/SiNx multilayers have an improved oxidation resistance (onset of oxidation is shifted by more than 200 °C), and the performance is enhanced with increasing fraction of SiNx layer thickness. Overall, CrN/SiNx and AlN/SiNx multilayered films are characterized by noticeably higher resistance to oxidation as compared to ZrN/SiNx multilayers, the best performance being obtained for CrN/SiNx and AlN/SiNx with 5 nm/5 nm and 5 nm/10 nm periods, which remain stable at least up to 950 °C.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Properties and Oxidation Resistance of ZrN/SiNx, CrN/SiNx and AlN/SiNx Multilayered Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering Technique

et al. 2020

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“…Silicon is very often introduced in nitride coatings to form hard nanocomposite materials, where amorphous Si 3 N 4 surrounds hard metal nitride grains [125], or a similar multi-layered configuration may be applied [126]. Refractory metals (Nb, Mo, Ta, W, Re) [127] significantly improve the thermal stability of the coatings and allow them to work under extreme conditions and high speed, but most of them are CRM elements (see Figure 2).…”

Section: Multi-elemental Compounds and High-entropy Alloy Protective mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several paths to their design: depositing a set of films in a special order according to their functionality (e.g., substrate > adhesion film > superhard film > oxidation resistant film), alternating films with a similar crystal lattice for epitaxial growth, hard crystalline films with thin amorphous layers, alternating TMN, TMC or TMB films, nanocomposites, HEAs coatings, etc. Many research groups around the world have worked on this topic, and many papers have been published that review and evaluate the recent progress in this area [127,133,155,[158][159][160]. Among the most recent and interesting multilayer solutions for protective coatings there are TiN/TiAlN [161,162], TiAlN/TaN [163], Ti(Al)N/Cr(Al)N [121], (TiAlSiY)N/MoN [164], CrN/AlSiN [165], AlCrN/TiAlTaN [166], TiSiC/NiC [167], TiN/MoN [168,169], TiN/WN [170], TiN/ZrN [171], Zr/ZrN [172], Ta/TaN [173], CrN/MoN [174][175][176], (TiZrNbHfTa)N/WN [177], and multilayer hard/soft DLC coatings [178].…”

Section: Multi-layered and Graded Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critical Raw Materials in Cutting Tools for Machining Applications: A Review

et al. 2020

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A variety of cutting tool materials are used for the contact mode mechanical machining of components under extreme conditions of stress, temperature and/or corrosion, including operations such as drilling, milling turning and so on. These demanding conditions impose a seriously high strain rate (an order of magnitude higher than forming), and this limits the useful life of cutting tools, especially single-point cutting tools. Tungsten carbide is the most popularly used cutting tool material, and unfortunately its main ingredients of W and Co are at high risk in terms of material supply and are listed among critical raw materials (CRMs) for EU, for which sustainable use should be addressed. This paper highlights the evolution and the trend of use of CRMs) in cutting tools for mechanical machining through a timely review. The focus of this review and its motivation was driven by the four following themes: (i) the discussion of newly emerging hybrid machining processes offering performance enhancements and longevity in terms of tool life (laser and cryogenic incorporation); (ii) the development and synthesis of new CRM substitutes to minimise the use of tungsten; (iii) the improvement of the recycling of worn tools; and (iv) the accelerated use of modelling and simulation to design long-lasting tools in the Industry-4.0 framework, circular economy and cyber secure manufacturing. It may be noted that the scope of this paper is not to represent a completely exhaustive document concerning cutting tools for mechanical processing, but to raise awareness and pave the way for innovative thinking on the use of critical materials in mechanical processing tools with the aim of developing smart, timely control strategies and mitigation measures to suppress the use of CRMs.

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“…The previous studies have been focused upon a few known key findings in the field of multilayered films such as (i) super hardness resulted from the internal fine-grain strengthening and blocking effect of interface to dislocation; (ii) corrosion resistance improved by reducing the porousness of a variety of alternating sublayers; and (iii) enhanced wear performance due to the existence of massive interfacial structures [26][27][28]. Therefore, the synthesis of polynary nitrogen-based composite coatings can ensure not only comprehensive implementation of above-mentioned advantages, but also attached the coatings self-lubricated features via an introduction of Mo into the coatings' structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry of Hard/Lubricant Mo-Ti-Al-N Multilayered Coatings Prepared by Multi-Arc Ion Plating at Low Substrate Rotation

et al. 2020

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To develop the hard and self-lubricating coatings applied for the industrial dry-cutting and die-casting machining tool fields, a series of MoTiAlN/MoN/Mo multilayered coatings were deposited on Si substrates under low substrate rotation by cathodic multi-arc ion plating. XRD, SEM, TEM, RBS, nanoindentation, and tribology tester were used to monitor the phase structure, morphology, component, nanohardness, and friction coefficient of the coatings. It was found that the coatings deposited at various substrate rotations comprised paramount cubic B1 structure TiAlN and Mo2N phases. The micrographs confirmed that the mean modulation period and total physical thickness of multilayered TiAlN/Mo2N coatings with a sharp interface fabricated at 2 revolutions per minute (rpm) were 26 nm and 1.15 μm. The mean nanohardness and friction coefficient were ca. 30 GPa and 0.4, respectively. RBS results along with the SIMNRA code allowed to estimate the total atomic concentrations and the physical thickness of individual sublayer as well as the modulation period of multilayered coatings, which demonstrated an efficiency of this approach for characterization of nano-multilayered structures.

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Nanocomposite Multilayer Binary Nitride Coatings Based on Transition and Refractory Metals: Structure and Properties

Cited by 57 publications

References 155 publications

Structural Properties and Oxidation Resistance of ZrN/SiNx, CrN/SiNx and AlN/SiNx Multilayered Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering Technique

Structural Properties and Oxidation Resistance of ZrN/SiNx, CrN/SiNx and AlN/SiNx Multilayered Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering Technique

The Critical Raw Materials in Cutting Tools for Machining Applications: A Review

Microstructure and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry of Hard/Lubricant Mo-Ti-Al-N Multilayered Coatings Prepared by Multi-Arc Ion Plating at Low Substrate Rotation

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