Nanocomposite hydrogels for melanoma skin cancer care and treatment: In-vitro drug delivery, drug release kinetics and anti-cancer activities

Nazir, Samina; Khan, Muhammad Umar Aslam; Al-Arjan, Wafa Shamsan; Razak, Saiful Izwan Abd; Javed, Aneela; Kadir, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul

doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103120

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The diffusion coefficient of the hydrogels is related to the porosity of the hydrogels if the pore size of porous hydrogels is greater than the molecular dimensions of the drug molecule. Drug release only follows the swelling controlled mechanism if drug release time exceeds the time of swelling [ 21 ]. The release behavior of paracetamol from the hydrogel with and without GO is shown in Figure 7 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A six-point calibration graph was constructed in the concentration range of 10–60 µg/mL to accurately measure the released drug amount. Paracetamol drug release kinetic studies were investigated against various models (zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas and Hixson-Crowell, models) [ 21 , 32 ]. The mathematical model proves to be highly effective in forecasting drug release and predicting the mechanism of release.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under proper pH conditions, uniformly dispersed CS/ GO films could be fabricated. It is known that the amino group of CS interacts with oxygen functionalities of GO through hydrogen bonding, which results in improved mechanical properties [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosan/Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Graphene Oxide Based pH-Responsive Composite Hydrogel Films: Drug Release, Anti-Microbial and Cell Viability Studies

et al. 2021

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The composite hydrogels were produced using the solution casting method due to the non-toxic and biocompatible nature of chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The best composition was chosen and crosslinked with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), after which different amounts of graphene oxide (GO) were added to develop composite hydrogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle was used to analyze the hydrogels. The samples were also evaluated for swelling abilities in various mediums. The drug release profile was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a pH of 7.4. To predict the mechanism of drug release, the data were fitted into kinetic models. Finally, antibacterial activity and cell viability data were obtained. FTIR studies revealed the successful synthesis of CS/PVA hydrogels and GO/CS/PVA in hydrogel composite. SEM showed no phase separation of the polymers, whereas AFM showed a decrease in surface roughness with an increase in GO content. 100 µL of crosslinker was the critical concentration at which the sample displayed excellent swelling and preserved its structure. Both the crosslinked and composite hydrogel showed good swelling. The most acceptable mechanism of drug release is diffusion-controlled, and it obeys Fick’s law of diffusion for drug released. The best fitting of the zero-order, Hixson-Crowell and Higuchi models supported our assumption. The GO/CS/PVA hydrogel composite showed better antibacterial and cell viability behaviors. They can be better biomaterials in biomedical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosan/Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Graphene Oxide Based pH-Responsive Composite Hydrogel Films: Drug Release, Anti-Microbial and Cell Viability Studies

et al. 2021

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“…The study of a compound release kinetic pattern from the encapsulated NPs state in the colloidal system is essential to assess the efficacy and therapeutic release of the formulated NPs to the targeted site of delivery [ 35 ]. The Franz diffusion cell assembly was used to evaluate the compound release from the formulated APO-NPs, where the assembly unit was kept on a constant magnetic stirrer at room temperature (37 ± 0.5 °C).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Ability of Apocynin Loaded Nanoparticles (APO-NPs) as NADPH Oxidase (NOX)-Mediated ROS Modulator for Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Neuronal Injuries

et al. 2021

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Apocynin (APO) is a known multi-enzymatic complexed compound, employed as a viable NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor, extensively used in both traditional and modern-day therapeutic strategies to combat neuronal disorders. However, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by lower solubility and lesser bioavailability; thus, a suitable nanocarrier system to overcome such limitations is needed. The present study is designed to fabricate APO-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (APO-NPs) to enhance its therapeutic efficacy and sustainability in the biological system. The optimized APO NPs in the study exhibited 103.6 ± 6.8 nm and −13.7 ± 0.43 mV of particle size and zeta potential, respectively, along with further confirmation by TEM. In addition, the antioxidant (AO) abilities quantified by DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assays exhibited comparatively higher AO potential of APO-NPs than APO alone. An in-vitro release profile displayed a linear diffusion pattern of zero order kinetics for APO from the NPs, followed by its cytotoxicity evaluation on the PC12 cell line, which revealed minimal toxicity with higher cell viability, even after treatment with a stress inducer (H2O2). The stability of APO-NPs after six months showed minimal AO decline in comparison to APO only, indicating that the designed nano-formulation enhanced therapeutic efficacy for modulating NOX-mediated ROS generation.

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“…Polymer science has emerged as the most popular area of research due to its wide scope in modern materials engineering for improving structural and functional properties in clinical and biomedical applications. A wide range of polymers have optimum properties, and they further provide opportunities to enhance bioactivity, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial properties by chemical modification [1][2][3]. Various studies have indicated that polymeric composite materials may be potentially used to repair cartilage, bone, and heart valves, and may be employed as skin, hip, and dental implants in biomedical applications [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Current Trends of Polymers in Orthodontics: BPA-Free and Smart Materials

et al. 2021

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Polymeric materials have always established an edge over other classes of materials due to their potential applications in various fields of biomedical engineering. Orthodontics is an emerging field in which polymers have attracted the enormous attention of researchers. In particular, thermoplastic materials have a great future utility in orthodontics, both as aligners and as retainer appliances. In recent years, the use of polycarbonate brackets and base monomers bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) has been associated with the potential release of bisphenol A (BPA) in the oral environment. BPA is a toxic compound that acts as an endocrine disruptor that can affect human health. Therefore, there is a continuous search for non-BPA materials with satisfactory mechanical properties and an esthetic appearance as an alternative to polycarbonate brackets and conventional bis-GMA compounds. This study aims to review the recent developments of BPA-free monomers in the application of resin dental composites and adhesives. The most promising polymeric smart materials are also discussed for their relevance to future orthodontic applications.

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Nanocomposite hydrogels for melanoma skin cancer care and treatment: In-vitro drug delivery, drug release kinetics and anti-cancer activities

Cited by 67 publications

References 49 publications

Chitosan/Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Graphene Oxide Based pH-Responsive Composite Hydrogel Films: Drug Release, Anti-Microbial and Cell Viability Studies

Chitosan/Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Graphene Oxide Based pH-Responsive Composite Hydrogel Films: Drug Release, Anti-Microbial and Cell Viability Studies

Neuroprotective Ability of Apocynin Loaded Nanoparticles (APO-NPs) as NADPH Oxidase (NOX)-Mediated ROS Modulator for Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Neuronal Injuries

A Review on Current Trends of Polymers in Orthodontics: BPA-Free and Smart Materials

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