Nanocoatings by sol–gel processes for functionalization of polymer surfaces and textiles

Mahltig, Boris; Textor, Torsten

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63240-1.00001-2

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Thus, various mitigation schemes are used to protect polymers from AO. Inorganic coatings, especially SiO 2 , have been used extensively. , Other approaches have incorporated silicon into the polymer so that it forms a passivating silicon oxide coating when subjected to AO attack. − There are various means to incorporate silicon into polymers and composites, including blending or copolymerization of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) with polymer matrices, , synthesis of poly(imide siloxane) block copolymers, , reinforcement with silica nanoparticles, plasma enhanced CVD, and sol–gel processes . However, in many instances, the straightforward use of polysiloxane-based coatings and paints, commonly referred to as silicones, obviates the need for incorporating silicon into an otherwise silicon-free polymer, and such an approach has been used widely .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7−9 There are various means to incorporate silicon into polymers and composites, including blending or copolymerization of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) with polymer matrices, 7,11 synthesis of poly(imide siloxane) block copolymers, 8,12 reinforcement with silica nanoparticles, 13 plasma enhanced CVD, 14 and sol−gel processes. 15 However, in many instances, the straightforward use of polysiloxane-based coatings and paints, commonly referred to as silicones, obviates the need for incorporating silicon into an otherwise silicon-free polymer, and such an approach has been used widely. 16 Silicone polymers, such CV-1144-0 from NuSil 17 and DC 93-500 from Dow Corning, 18 as well as their constituent components, polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs) 19 and polydiphenylsiloxanes, 20 have been exposed to AO environments in LEO and in the laboratory, with an emphasis on the changes in their optical and morphological properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Hyperthermal Atomic Oxygen on Space-Grade CV-1144-0 Silicone

Chen

Gouzman

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Despite the fact that silicone-based coatings are often used to protect satellite materials from atomic oxygen (AO) in low Earth orbit (LEO), a quantitative understanding of the effects of AO on such coatings has been lacking. We have thus investigated the chemical and morphological changes to a commonly used commercial silicone, NuSil CV-1144-0, when it is subjected to bombardment by a beam of AO traveling at orbital velocities. The AO beam was generated with a wellcharacterized laser-detonation source, which, for this experimental study, produced a pulsed beam of oxygen atoms with an average translational energy of ∼5 eV and an average flux of 4.6 × 10 15 O atoms cm −2 s −1 . The morphology and chemical composition of CV-1144-0 before and after AO exposure at room temperature (RT) and at 300 °C were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After exposure to an AO fluence of ∼2 × 10 20 O atoms cm −2 , both shallow and deep cracks were observed, and the surface was largely transformed to silicon oxide. The mass change of CV-1144-0 at 25 °C as a function of AO fluence, studied with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), showed an initial mass gain followed by a slow and constant mass-loss rate. An average mass-loss rate of 6.2 × 10 −27 g O atom −1 was observed after the mass gain. This mass-loss rate is about 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of Kapton H, which is typically used as a reference material for reporting AO-induced mass loss of LEO spacecraft materials. The investigation presented here provides both a quantitative measure of the mass loss of CV-1144-0 as well as a basic understanding of the complex AO effects on this polysiloxane coating, which are expected to be similar for all polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based materials.

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