Nanocellulose and Cellulose Making with Bio-Enzymes from Different Particle Sizes of Neosinocalamus Affinis

Abstract

Cellulose is one of the most abundant, widely distributed and abundant polysaccharides on earth, and is the most valuable natural renewable resource for human beings. In this study, three different particle sizes (250, 178, and 150 μm) of Neosinocalamus affinis cellulose were extracted from Neosinocalamus affinis powder using bio-enzyme digestion and prepared into nanocellulose (CNMs). The cellulose contents of 250, 178, and 150 μm particle sizes were 53.44%, 63.38%, and 74.08%, respectively; the crystallinity was 54.21%, 56.03% and 63.58%, respectively. The thermal stability of cellulose increased gradually with smaller particle sizes. The yields of CNMs for 250, 178, and 150 μm particle sizes were 14.27%, 15.44%, and 16.38%, respectively. The results showed that the Neosinocalamus affinis powder was successfully removed from lignin, hemicellulose, and impurities (pectin, resin, etc.) by the treatment of bio-enzyme A (ligninase:hemicellulose:pectinase = 1:1:1) combined with NH3·H2O and H2O2/CH3COOH. Extraction of cellulose from Neosinocalamus affinis using bio-enzyme A, the smaller the particle size of Neosinocalamus affinis powder, the more cellulose content extracted, the higher the crystallinity, the better the thermal stability, and the higher the purity. Subsequently, nanocellulose (CNMs) were prepared by using bio-enzyme B (cellulase:pectinase = 1:1). The CNMs prepared by bio-enzyme B showed a network structure and fibrous bundle shape. Therefore, the ones prepared in this study belong to cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). This study provides a reference in the extraction of cellulose from bamboo using bio-enzymes and the preparation of nanocellulose. To a certain extent, the utilization of bamboo as a biomass material was improved.

Cellulose Nano Crystals (CNC) as Additive for a Bio-Based Waterborne Acrylic Wood Coating: Decay, Artificial Weathering, Physical and Chemical Tests

“…Both of these differences could be attributed to C=O as well as C-N structural patterns of the used isothiazolinone type biocide. The addition of CNC to the respective formulations of CA and CAB (CA+CNC, CAB+CNC) leads to a broader IR band at 1750 cm −1 and, therefore, relatively elevated absorbance between 1680 and 1150 cm −1 , which is attributable to the absorbance of the added CNC corresponding to characteristic IR bands of cellulose and nanocellulose structural motifs in this IR wavenumber range [ 33 , 85 , 86 ].…”

Preparation of Nanocellulose-Based Aerogel and Its Research Progress in Wastewater Treatment

“…The production process is environmentally friendly The prepared nanocellulose has a uniform structure High cellulose decomposition rate Enzyme preparations are expensive Take a long time to prepare [40,41] Acid hydrolysis preparation Low cost Simple and easy to use stable and controllable Quality of finished products…”

Special Issue “Natural Fiber Based Composites II”

“…− Neosinocalamus affinis is a clumping bamboo. Cellulose is extractable from its powder through bio-enzymatic digestion [4]. Cellulose is the most abundant polysaccharide on Earth.…”