Nanocatalysts Can Change the Number of Electrons Involved in Oxidation–Reduction Reaction with the Nanocages Being the Most Efficient

Weng, Guo-jun; Mahmoud, Mahmoud A.; El‐Sayed, Mostafa A.

doi:10.1021/jp308869m

Cited by 30 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…According to the previous reports, a mechanism for the reduction of EY is depicted in Scheme . During the reduction process, the absorption of EY peaking at 500 nm decreased, while a new peak at ≈400 nm was formed in the presence of Pd/C‐dots and NaBH 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two different processes involved in the EY reduction. In general, the EY is formed as bianion of EY 2− in the aqueous solution, and it can be converted to EY 3‐ and EY 4‐ via one‐electron and two‐electron reduction process, respectively . The EY 2− may accept two electrons from the NaBH 4 to form the EY 4− in the absence of catalyst.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is why the absorption peak at ≈500 nm was not affected without the addition of Pd/C‐dots. To verify the formation of EY 4− , the absorption spectra were measured with a high concentration of NaBH 4 (25 × 10 −3 m ) in the absence of Pd/C‐dots as shown in Figure d, in which the peak ascribed to the formation of EY 4‐ decreased to null within 900 s. It is caused by the reduction of the double bond in the heterocyclic ring of EY 2− to break the π‐conjugation of the dye . When Pd/C‐dots were added, the reduction process was facilitated to completion within 84 s. The reaction pathway includes both one‐electron and two‐electron transfer processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multifunctional Nanohybrid of Palladium Nanoparticles Encapsulated by Carbon‐Dots for Exploiting Synergetic Applications

Dhenadhayalan

Hsin

Lin

2019

Adv Materials Inter

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and textile. [2,7] It can be readily bound to biomolecules and consequently used as a strain to tissue and cells. [8] However, the application of abnormal level of EY becomes toxic and unfriendly to both the environment and living things. The development of reduction/degradation of nitro compound and dye is thus much needed to convert these materials into harmless products. For instance, the 4-NP and EY could be catalytically reduced into the formation of 4-aminophenol and reduced form of EY, respectively, and believe that this process could become potentially an effective way to treat 4-NP and EY in polluted water. Accordingly, the design and development of proficient catalyst are a significant task for the catalytic reduction of 4-NP and EY with aspects of the efficient and fast process. The nanomaterial-based catalysts are enormously developed for their superior catalytic performance in the reduction of pollutants. [9][10][11][12][13] In general, metal nanoparticles are usually adopted for the catalysis application; especially palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) exhibited excellent catalytic activities. [14][15][16] Such metal nanoparticles play a vital role in the catalytic reduction showing effective performance compared to other bare nanomaterials. In order to further improve their catalytic activity, the metal nanoparticles were incorporated with diverse nanomaterials including carbon-based materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), and porous organic cages. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Compared to other fluorescent nanomaterials, the C-dots can be easily synthesized from different kind of sources including organic molecules, biowastes, proteins, amino acids, and so on. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Moreover, the surface of C-dots can be modified with several capping agents to improve their fluorescence properties according to the applications. [33][34][35][36][37] That's why the C-dots have been extensively utilized in the fields of chemo-and biosensors, and optoelectronic applications. Thus far, the C-dots are much less utilized in the catalysis as in the sensing application. By taking advantage of C-dots and Pd NPs, this work aims to develop a superior multifunctional nanohybrid in the multiple applications including chemical sensor and catalysis.With this intention, we have synthesized carbon-dots to encapsulate palladium nanoparticles (Pd/C-dots) by the photochemical method. Prior to the synthesis of Pd/C-dots, Palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in the carbon dots (Pd/C-dots) are demonstrated to play a role of multifunctional nanohybrid in the synergetic applications of sensor and catalysis. The photochemical method is applied to synthesize Pd/C-dots in which Pd nanoparticles (NPs) are dispersedly encapsulated by C-dots layer. The nanohybrid can function as a fluorescent sensor and reductive catalyst, due to the inherent properties of C-dots and Pd NPs, respectively. The Pd/C-dots exhibit a highly selective and sensitive detection toward the nickel (Ni 2+ ) ion with a detection limit of ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multifunctional Nanohybrid of Palladium Nanoparticles Encapsulated by Carbon‐Dots for Exploiting Synergetic Applications

Dhenadhayalan

Hsin

Lin

2019

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Finally, the inner cavity can accumulate reaction intermediates (due to the cage effect) thus enhancing the rate of the reaction if this intermediate is a rate determining species.The high efficiency of the hollow nanoparticles in catalysis has been reported for a few reactions 50,51,88. However, it is unclear whether this enhancement is due to the nanoreactor cage effect, the nature of the interior surface, or to larger surface area.Experiments have been performed in our laboratory to answer this question and the results can be summarized as follow: 1) Hollow and solid nanospheres of the same outer size were examined and their catalytic activity compared 89,90. 2) The kinetic parameters of a reaction catalyzed with hollow nanoparticles with double (Pt,Pd) shells of interchangeable order were determined.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hollow and Solid Metallic Nanoparticles in Sensing and in Nanocatalysis

2013

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When the size of a material is reduced to the nanoscale, at or below the characteristic length scale that determines their properties, the material acquires completely new properties. On this length, its properties become sensitive to further changes in size, shape or whether they are hollow or solid. In this perspective article, we first discuss the different experimental techniques used in the synthesis, assembly and handling of colloidal solid or hollow nanoparticles with single and double shells. This is then followed by comparing the experimental and theoretical (DDA and FDTD) results for solid and hollow plasmonic nanoparticles as sensors using two different methods. The first method compares the plasmonic enhancement of the radiative properties of molecules or materials (e.g. in surface enhanced Raman scattering, SERS). The second one is based on the amount of the plasmon peak wavelength shift of the nanoparticle in media with different dielectric functions. In the last section of the perspective, we present a summary of the difference between the solid and hollow nanoparticles in nanocatalysis.We present the results of a number of experiments showing that the superior catalytic properties of hollow nanoparticles are due to catalysis occurring within the cavity of the hollow nanoparticles. Finally, using a femtosecond optical technique, we show that adding a second shell of a stiff metal (like Pt or Pd) to the plasmonic hollow nanoparticles increases their mechanical stability.

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“…This figure indicates that by increasing 4-NP concentration, the reaction time increases, too. Also, the induction period which is due to different phenomena such as (i) surface reconstruction [25][26][27][28], (ii) diffusion of reactants to the catalyst surface [29,30], (iii) formation of metal oxide layer onto the metal surface by adding NaBH 4 [31], (iv) presence of dissolved oxygen in water [32], (v) required time for injection of electrons into the metal by reducing agent [33,34], is increased with 4-NP concentration which is similar to the other reports [9,35].…”

Section: Catalytic Reduction Of 4-npmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and simple synthesis of Ag nanoparticles loaded onto cellulosic fiber as efficient and low-cost catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Torkamani

Azizian

2016

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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Nanocatalysts Can Change the Number of Electrons Involved in Oxidation–Reduction Reaction with the Nanocages Being the Most Efficient

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Multifunctional Nanohybrid of Palladium Nanoparticles Encapsulated by Carbon‐Dots for Exploiting Synergetic Applications

Multifunctional Nanohybrid of Palladium Nanoparticles Encapsulated by Carbon‐Dots for Exploiting Synergetic Applications

Hollow and Solid Metallic Nanoparticles in Sensing and in Nanocatalysis

Green and simple synthesis of Ag nanoparticles loaded onto cellulosic fiber as efficient and low-cost catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol

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