Nanobiosystems for Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Infections

Gkartziou, Foteini; Giormezis, Nikolaos; Spiliopoulou, Iris; Antimisiaris, Sophia G.

doi:10.3390/nano11051075

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…Liposomes are nanosystems showing many advantages for antimicrobial drug-resistant infections, as recently reviewed [21]. MOX-loaded liposomes were recently demonstrated to have enhanced antitubercular activity in comparison with free drugs [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moxifloxacin Liposomes: Effect of Liposome Preparation Method on Physicochemical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was the development of optimal sustained-release moxifloxacin (MOX)-loaded liposomes as intraocular therapeutics of endophthalmitis. Two methods were compared for the preparation of MOX liposomes; the dehydration–rehydration (DRV) method and the active loading method (AL). Numerous lipid-membrane compositions were studied to determine the potential effect on MOX loading and retention in liposomes. MOX and phospholipid contents were measured by HPLC and a colorimetric assay for phospholipids, respectively. Vesicle size distribution and surface charge were measured by DLS, and morphology was evaluated by cryo-TEM. The AL method conferred liposomes with higher MOX encapsulation compared to the DRV method for all the lipid compositions used. Cryo-TEM showed that both liposome types had round vesicular structure and size around 100−150 nm, while a granular texture was evident in the entrapped aqueous compartments of most AL liposomes, but substantially less in DRV liposomes; X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated slight crystallinity in AL liposomes, especially the ones with highest MOX encapsulation. AL liposomes retained MOX for significantly longer time periods compared to DRVs. Lipid composition did not affect MOX release from DRV liposomes but significantly altered drug loading/release in AL liposomes. Interestingly, AL liposomes demonstrated substantially higher antimicrobial potential towards S. epidermidis growth and biofilm susceptibility compared to corresponding DRV liposomes, indicating the importance of MOX retention in liposomes on their activity. In conclusion, the liposome preparation method/type determines the rate of MOX release from liposomes and modulates their antimicrobial potential, a finding that deserves further in vitro and in vivo exploitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moxifloxacin Liposomes: Effect of Liposome Preparation Method on Physicochemical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2022

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“…There are no laboratory tests that can diagnose /exclude tetanus. 19,20 Wound culture rarely yields Clostridium tetani and are not available quick enough to aid diagnosis. Hence, the presentation of tetanus is so characteristic that a presumptive diagnosis should be made if a person is presenting with above mentioned symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Adult Tetanus an Endemic in India?

Prithviraj²,

Lavanya³

2022

Natl J Community Med

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Background: Tetanus is a life-threatening disease in developing country like India, with high morbidity and mortality rate. Though maternal and neonatal tetanus is eliminated, adult tetanus still remains in boom and is overlooked. Methods: An observational descriptive study using retrospective secondary data was undertaken among the patients admitted to a regional referral hospital to study the epidemiological factors influencing tetanus, clinical features and the outcome of tetanus. Results: Analysis of 41 clinically diagnosed cases of tetanus showed that, majority were in 50-69 years of age group who resided in rural area and agriculture was their main occupation. Case fatality rate was 53.6% which revealed that mortality was the major outcome. And 95% of those infected were not aware of their immunization status. Conclusion: An early diagnosis, a proper wound management immediately after the injury, health education programs to create awareness among the public not to neglect even trivial injuries would definitely lead India to the path of elimination of adult tetanus. Strong emphasis is to be laid on adult immunization beyond the age of 10 years.

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“…DQ has previously been described as a drug that exhibits cross-resistance. Nanocarriers are among the options that have been explored in recent years to combat drug resistance [ 68 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…DQ, for example, has already been described as a drug that exhibits cross-resistance, i.e., the ability of coccidia to survive the anticoccidial effects of a drug to which they have never been exposed because they have already developed resistance to a chemical agent [ 73 ]. Options that have been explored in recent years to combat drug resistance include nanosystems [ 68 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Pharmacological Properties of Decoquinate: A Review of Its Pharmaceutical Potential and Future Perspectives

2022

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Decoquinate (DQ) is an antimicrobial agent commonly used as a feed additive for birds for human consumption. Its use as an additive is well established, but DQ has the potential for therapy as an antimicrobial drug for veterinary treatment and its optimized derivatives and/or formulations, mainly nanoformulations, have antimicrobial activity against pathogens that infect humans. However, DQ has a high partition coefficient and low solubility in aqueous fluids, and these biopharmaceutical properties have limited its use in humans. In this review, we highlight the antimicrobial activity and pharmacokinetic properties of DQ and highlight the solutions currently under investigation to overcome these drawbacks. A literature search was conducted focusing on the use of decoquinate against various infectious diseases in humans and animals. The search was conducted in several databases, including scientific and patent databases. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology and medicinal chemistry are the tools of choice to achieve human applications, and most of these applications have been able to improve the biopharmaceutical properties and pharmacokinetic profile of DQ. Based on the results presented here, DQ prototypes could be tested in clinical trials for human application in the coming years.

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Nanobiosystems for Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Infections

Cited by 15 publications

References 221 publications

Moxifloxacin Liposomes: Effect of Liposome Preparation Method on Physicochemical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis

Moxifloxacin Liposomes: Effect of Liposome Preparation Method on Physicochemical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis

Is Adult Tetanus an Endemic in India?

Chemical and Pharmacological Properties of Decoquinate: A Review of Its Pharmaceutical Potential and Future Perspectives

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