Nanoarchitecting Hierarchical Mesoporous Siliceous Frameworks: A New Way Forward

Abstract

Owing to their attractive physicochemical and morphological attributes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted increasing attention over the past two decades for their utilization in diversified fields. Despite the success, these highly stable siliceous frameworks often suffer from several shortcomings of compatibility issues, uncontrollable degradability leading to long-term retention in vivo, and substantial unpredictable toxicity risks, as well as deprived drug encapsulation efficiency, which could limit their applicability in medicine. Along this line, various advancements have been made in re-engineering the stable siliceous frameworks, such as the incorporation of diverse molecular organic, as well as inorganic (cationic and anionic) species and monitoring the processing, as well as formulation parameters, resulting in the hetero-nanostructures of irregular-shaped (Janus and multi-podal) and dynamicallymodulated (deformable solids) architectures with high morphological complexity. Insightfully, this review gives a brief emphasis on re-engineering such stable siliceous frameworks through modifying their intrinsic structural and physicochemical attributes. In conclusion, we recapitulate the review with exciting perspectives.

Toxicity evaluation of mesoporous silica particles Santa Barbara No. 15 amorphous in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: influence of particle morphology

“…Studies have shown that the biological effects of NM largely depend on its physical and chemical properties, such as size, shape, surface chemical properties and roughness (Saleem, Wang, & Chen, 2018; X. Wang Cui, Zhao He Chen, 2020 year; Zhang Yanli etc., 2020 year). In particular, the morphology of NMs is crucial for affecting NM cell interaction and NM absorption efficiency, endocytosis mechanism, intercellular transport, biodistribution and biocompatibility (Kankala, Wang, & Chen, 2020 year; Luo Wang, & Cao, 2020 year). Therefore, the morphology can be controlled to make NM biocompatible with high cellular uptake.…”

Emerging indocyanine green-integrated nanocarriers for multimodal cancer therapy: a review

“…Mobil composition of matter (MCM)-41 is the first-ever reported well-ordered crystalline molecular sieves in the early 1990s. The formation of MSN is mainly based on the assembly of surfactant and silica species through the co-condensation, as well as particular electrostatic interactions involved between the components of organic surfactant template (CTAB) cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and silica 109 . For improving the drug loading efficacy and specific targeting capacity asymmetric mesoporous silica-based nano-architectures referred to as Janus NPs, have also been designed recently to enhance intrinsic functionalities of MSN for providing dual drugs and improving compatibility 110,111 .…”

Enzyme-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Target Staphylococcus aureus and Disperse Biofilms

“…Combining this enzyme with positively charged nanocarriers (such as aminefunctionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)), which have been reported to localize preferentially around the bacterial cell wall, 21 will help to increase the local concentration of the enzyme and improve the treatment of S. aureus biofilm infections. [27][28][29] MSNs have been extensively researched and are one of the most important porous materials, widely investigated as a drug-carrier, mainly due to their stable structure, easily functionalisable surface chemistry, including enzyme immobilization, as well as increased biocompatibility and safety. 27,[29][30][31][32][33][34] Furthermore, MSNs have also been shown to penetrate to the deepest regions of biofilm samples and so provide an attractive candidate for biofilm targeting.…”

“…[27][28][29] MSNs have been extensively researched and are one of the most important porous materials, widely investigated as a drug-carrier, mainly due to their stable structure, easily functionalisable surface chemistry, including enzyme immobilization, as well as increased biocompatibility and safety. 27,[29][30][31][32][33][34] Furthermore, MSNs have also been shown to penetrate to the deepest regions of biofilm samples and so provide an attractive candidate for biofilm targeting. 35 Lysostaphin has been shown to target S. aureus bacteria and biofilms effectively; however, their widespread use has been limited due to the high production cost.…”