Nano-ZnO: an efficient and reusable catalyst for one-pot synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones and pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole-1,3-diones

CuII Anchored onto the Magnetic Talc: A New Magnetic Nanostructured Catalyst for the One‐Pot Gram‐Scale Synthesis of 1H‐Pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐dione Derivatives

“…Mechanistically, it is likely that the reaction proceeds in a stepwise manner. The essential catalytic activity of γ‐Fe 2 O 3 /talc/Cu II in the one‐pot condensation reaction between phthalhydrazide, malononitrile and aldehydes may be attributed to the acidic active sites (Cu II ), as well as few −SiOH and −MgOH groups (as Brønsted acidic sites) present on the lateral surface of talc and low level of Lewis basic sites of Si−O−Si siloxane bonds on the basal surface of talc ( I ) . Firstly, aldehyde and malononitrile undergo Knoevenagel condensation reaction in the presence of γ‐Fe 2 O 3 /talc/Cu II NPs to obtain the benzylidene malononitrile intermediate I .…”

“…Synthesis of 1 H ‐pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐diones via multicomponent reaction (MCRs) is a powerful tool due to its advantages of the intrinsic atom economy, simple procedure, structural diversity, energy saving, and reduced waste . To the best of our knowledge, there are only several works of literature about the multicomponent reactions of phthalhydrazide, malononitrile with aldehydes in the presence of diverse catalysts such as PTSA/[Bmim]Br, Et 3 N/EtOH, [Bmim]OH/MW, 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5,4,0]‐undec‐7‐en‐8‐ium acetate, DBU[CH 3 CO 2 ], Al‐KIT‐6, NiCl 2 .6H 2 O, InCl 3 , CuI NPs, TBBDA or PBBS, CAN PEG 400, Ni 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 nano‐crystallites, SBA@BiPy 2+ 2Cl − , RH@[SiPrDABCO@BuSO 3 H]HSO 4 , ZrO 2 NPs, PbO NPs, ZnO NPs, DCDBTSD, DMAP, β‐Cyclodextrin, NaHCO 3 , p ‐toluenesulfonic acid, and Fe 3 ‐ x Ti x O 4 @ SiO 2 @urea MNPs . Despite the merits of the previously reported synthetic methods, the generality of some of the known procedures is somewhat defected by using catalysts and solvents which are not acceptable in the context of green chemistry.…”

Thiourea dioxide‐grafted γ‐Fe2O3/HAp magnetic nanoparticles: Efficient, green and reusable nanocatalyst for synthesis of pyranopyridine derivatives

“…The last few decades have witnessed considerable advancement in the development of new multicomponent reactions (MCRs) as area of considerable interest due to their high synthetic efficiency, simplicity, and high atom‐efficiency, for the synthesis of various compounds, especially heterocyclic compounds of biological importance . Interestingly, in multicomponent reactions (MCRs), the products are formed in a single step and also various products could be synthesized only by changing the reaction components …”

Four-Component Synthesis of 3-Amino-1-Aryl-5,10-Dioxo-1H-Pyrazolo[1,2-b] Phthalazine-2-Carbonitrile Derivatives Promoted by Potassium Carbonate

“…[5][6][7][8] As a consequence much attention has been devoted to the synthesis of pyrazolo [1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones. In this context, these compounds have been synthesised by a three-component reaction of phthalhydrazide, aldehydes and malononitrile using several catalysts including [B mim ]OH/ MW, 8 PTSA/[B mim ]Br, 9 Et 3 N/ultrasound, 10 InCl 3 , 11 nano-ZnO 12 and piperidine. 13 Recently, the four-component synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives has also been reported.…”

“…The products are known and their structures were characterised by comparing their physical and spectral data with those of authentic samples. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Note that all the products were purified by a simple process of crystallisation and filtration; no chromatography was involved.…”