Nano-sunscreens – a double-edged sword in protecting consumers from harm: viewing Australian regulatory policies through the lenses of the European Union

Solaiman, S M; Algie, Jennifer; Bakand, Shahnaz; Sluyter, Ronald; Sencadas, Vítor; Lerch, Michael L. F; Huang, Xu‐Feng; Konstantinov, Konstantin; Barker, Philip

doi:10.1080/10408444.2019.1579780

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The potential risks of nanoscale particles on the environment and human health have been continuously issued along with the great importance in future industry, and thus, nanotechnology has often been compared with a double‐edged sword (Kashanian, Habibi‐Rezaei, Bagherpour, Seyedarabi, & Moosavi‐Movahedi, 2017; Patni & Bhatia, 2008; Solaiman et al, 2019). Meanwhile, all substance is potentially harmful to human health when it accumulates at sufficiently high concentrations, which can disturb biological homeostasis, as was first expressed by Paracelsus, a Swiss physician.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of orally administered food‐grade titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Han

Yang

Yoon

et al. 2020

J of Applied Toxicology

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This year, France banned the application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles as a food additive (hereafter, E171) based on the insufficient oral toxicity data. Here, we investigated the subchronic toxic responses of E171 (0, 10, 100, and 1,000 mg/kg) and tried to elucidate the possible toxic mechanism using AGS cells, a human stomach epithelial cell line. There were no dose‐related changes in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development test guideline‐related endpoints. Meanwhile, E171 deeply penetrated cells lining the stomach tissues of rats, and the IgM and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor levels were significantly lower in the blood from rats exposed to E171 compared with the control. The colonic antioxidant protein level decreased with increasing Ti accumulation. Additionally, after 24‐h exposure, E171 located in the perinuclear region of AGS cells and affected expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress‐related proteins. However, cell death was not observed up to the used maximum concentration. A gene profile analysis also showed that immune response‐related microRNAs were most strongly affected by E171 exposure. Collectively, we concluded that the NOAEL of E171 for 90 days repeated oral administration is between 100 and 1,000 mg/kg for both male and female rats. Additionally, further study is needed to clarify the possible carcinogenesis following the chronic accumulation in the colon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of orally administered food‐grade titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Han

Yang

Yoon

et al. 2020

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…Algunos se centraron en la gestión de sustancias químicas, salud, y seguridad de los trabajadores (tanto en el laboratorio de investigación como en la industria): HM Government (2005), Rip (2006), Kanarek (2007), Grunwald (2008), Marchant y Sylvestre ( 2008 Se etiquetaron como análisis regulatorio aquellos que dedican gran parte del texto a revisar instrumentos o modelos regulatorios en el contexto del principio de precaución y la nanotecnología. Entre los textos con alto valor de relevancia, la gestión del riesgo, el análisis de riesgo y la gobernanza fueron los más recurrentes: CEC (2000), IÖW (2004), Phoenix y Treder (2004), Marchant y Sylvestre (2006), Lin (2007), Bryden (2008), EP, (2009), Faunce et al (2008), CEC (2008), Fairbrother (2009), Lee (2010), Heselhaus (2010), Callies y Stockhaus (2012), Mielke (2013), Mbengue y Charles (2013), De Oliveira (2014), Colussi (2014), Andorno y Biller-Andorno (2014), Smismans y Stokes (2017), Solaiman et al (2017), EC (2018), Solaiman et al (2019), Resnik (2019.…”

Section: Análisis Temáticounclassified

El principio de precaución ante los posibles riesgos de la nanotecnología y sus derivados

Tanaka

2024

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En el presente texto se expone qué es el principio de precaución, así como la discusión en torno a porqué usarlo en el caso de la regulación y gestión de los productos de la nanotecnología. Así mismo, se exponen los resultados de la revisión de textos, principalmente académicos y oficiales, que discurren sobre el tema del principio de precaución en torno a la nanotecnología. Tras un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de 84 textos, se presentan los temas principales de discusión, años de publicación, relevancia de los textos para la discusión, así como las conclusiones respecto a la congruencia o no de usar el principio de precaución respecto nanotecnología.

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“…Moreover, when applied on the skin, they look more transparent, which is a desirable property for many consumers [ 13 , 80 ]. Although TiO 2 NPs in sunscreens have already been studied for nearly two decades [ 81 ], some questions and uncertainties remain still unresolved, and regulation of the usage and safety of TiO 2 NPs in these products is needed [ 82 ].…”

Section: Routes Of Exposure and Toxicity Of Tio 2 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Food and Personal Care Products—What Do We Know about Their Safety?

et al. 2020

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a material of diverse applications commonly used as a food additive or cosmetic ingredient. Its prevalence in products of everyday use, especially in nanosize, raises concerns about safety. Current findings on the safety of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) used as a food additive or a sunscreen compound are reviewed and systematized in this publication. Although some studies state that TiO2 NPs are not harmful to humans through ingestion or via dermal exposure, there is a considerable number of data that demonstrated their toxic effects in animal models. The final agreement on the safety of this nanomaterial has not yet been reached among researchers. There is also a lack of official, standardized guidelines for thorough characterization of TiO2 NPs in food and cosmetic products, provided by international authorities. Recent advances in the application of ‘green-synthesized’ TiO2 NPs, as well as comparative studies of the properties of ‘biogenic’ and ‘traditional’ nanoparticles, are presented. To conclude, perspectives and directions for further studies on the toxicity of TiO2 NPs are proposed.

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Nano-sunscreens – a double-edged sword in protecting consumers from harm: viewing Australian regulatory policies through the lenses of the European Union

Abstract: sunscreens-a double-edged sword in protecting consumers from harm: viewing Australian regulatory policies through the lenses of the European Union' (2019) 49 (2) Critical Reviews in Toxicology 122-139.

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Toxicity of orally administered food‐grade titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Toxicity of orally administered food‐grade titanium dioxide nanoparticles

El principio de precaución ante los posibles riesgos de la nanotecnología y sus derivados

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Food and Personal Care Products—What Do We Know about Their Safety?

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