Nano-sulfated zirconia catalyzed biodiesel production from tannery waste sheep fat

Booramurthy, Vijaya Kumar; Kasimani, Ramesh; Pandian, Sivakumar; Ragunathan, Balasubramanian

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-07984-1

Cited by 43 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Thus, the focus is on finding nanomaterials that can produce higher yields, easier separation, reusability, and higher reaction rates. Nanomaterials’ unique characteristics include a high degree of crystallinity, stability, durability, adsorption capacity, and efficient storage, which could enhance biodiesel production industrially [ 77 , 78 ]. Nanocatalysts can be synthesized using various methods such as co-precipitation, self-propagating combustion, incipient wet impregnation, sol–gel, microwave combustion, hydrothermal, gas condensation, and chemical vapor deposition [ 79 ].…”

Section: Catalysis In Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

2021

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The excessive utilization of petroleum resources leads to global warming, crude oil price fluctuations, and the fast depletion of petroleum reserves. Biodiesel has gained importance over the last few years as a clean, sustainable, and renewable energy source. This review provides knowledge of biodiesel production via transesterification/esterification using different catalysts, their prospects, and their challenges. The intensive research on homogeneous chemical catalysts points to the challenges in using high free fatty acids containing oils, such as waste cooking oils and animal fats. The problems faced are soap formation and the difficulty in product separation. On the other hand, heterogeneous catalysts are more preferable in biodiesel synthesis due to their ease of separation and reusability. However, in-depth studies show the limited activity and selectivity issues. Using biomass waste-based catalysts can reduce the biodiesel production cost as the materials are readily available and cheap. The use of an enzymatic approach has gained precedence in recent times. Additionally, immobilization of these enzymes has also improved the statistics because of their excellent functional properties like easy separation and reusability. However, free/liquid lipases are also growing faster due to better mass transfer with reactants. Biocatalysts are exceptional in good selectivity and mild operational conditions, but attractive features are veiled with the operational costs. Nanocatalysts play a vital role in heterogeneous catalysis and lipase immobilization due to their excellent selectivity, reactivity, faster reaction rates owing to their higher surface area, and easy recovery from the products and reuse for several cycles.

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Section: Catalysis In Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

2021

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“…Many decades ago, owing to global warming, environmental pollution was becoming severe and fossil fuel resources were increasingly exhausted, [1][2][3] while biodiesel, an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative fuel, with numerous favorable features such as non-toxic, low viscosity, biodegradable, high ash point, better lubrication, low emissions of greenhouse gases, and direct use in diesel engines without modication, has attracted sustained attention. 4 Biodiesel is usually produced through either transesterication or esterication depending on the various feedstocks. Among them, transesterication is a reaction between various oils (e.g., soybean oil, 5 castor seed oil, 6 Euphorbia lathyris oil, 7 waste cooking oil 8 ) and short-chain alcohols (e.g., methanol and ethanol) in the presence of a catalyst to produce fatty acid alkyl esters and glycerol as a side product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MOF-derived zirconia-supported Keggin heteropoly acid nanoporous hybrids as a reusable catalyst for methyl oleate production

et al. 2021

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“…Metal oxide based nanocatalysts, such as single metal oxides, derivatives of transition metal oxides, supported alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides, doped heterogeneous catalysts, and mixed metal oxides are used in the conversion of triglycerides into biodiesel [19]. Some common metal oxide based nanocatalysts such as CaO, MgO, Fe 3 O 4 , Mn doped ZrO 2 , impregnated MgO, CuO, and NiO on zeolite 4A, CeO 2 /CaO and KF/CaO-Fe 3 O 4 were successfully utilized in the transesterification of soybean oil, waste sheep oils, stillingia oil, and algal biomass (Chlorella vulgaris) [20][21][22][23][24][25]. The quantity of nanocatalysts used, the alcohol-to-oil ratio, the reaction temperature, as well as the reaction time, all influence the efficiency of biodiesel production during transesterification [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Metal Oxide‐based Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

et al. 2023

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The demand for renewable fuels has risen as a result of increasing human population, urbanization, industrialization, and transport systems. Biodiesel production using metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysts is an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly approach. Because of their recovery, reusability, and consistency, heterogeneous catalysts may be preferable to homogeneous catalysts. Since the last few decades, the metal oxides of alkali earth and transition metals and their composite materials have been used as nanocatalysts in the production of biodiesel fuel. Utilization of inorganic metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) and their composite materials in producing biodiesel has gained increased attention because of their advanced physical and chemical characteristics. In this review, the applicability of metal oxides and their nanocomposite-based catalysts in biodiesel production, transesterification reactions with nanocatalytic systems, and the important parameters that affect these reactions are discussed.

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Nano-sulfated zirconia catalyzed biodiesel production from tannery waste sheep fat

Cited by 43 publications

References 31 publications

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

Biodiesel Production Using Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Enzyme Catalysts via Transesterification and Esterification Reactions: a Critical Review

MOF-derived zirconia-supported Keggin heteropoly acid nanoporous hybrids as a reusable catalyst for methyl oleate production

Advances in Metal Oxide‐based Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

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