Nano Spray-Dried Drugs for Oral Administration: A Review

Abstract

Spray drying is an important technology that is fast, simple, reproducible, and scalable. It has a wide application range, that is, in food, chemicals, and encapsulation of pharmaceuticals. The technology can be divided into conventional spray drying and nano spray drying. The key advantage of nano spray drying is the production of drug-loaded nanosized particles for various drug delivery applications. The recent developments in nano spray dryer technology and the market launch of the Nano Spray Dryer B-90 by Bu ¨chi Labortechnik AG in 2009 enabled the production of submicron spray-dried particles. This review focuses on nanosized drug delivery systems intended for oral administration produced by nano spray drying. First, the nano spray drying concept, the basic technologies implemented in the equipment, and the effects of the various process parameters on the final dry submicron powder properties are presented. Then, the topics of new formulation strategies of oral drugs are highlighted with examples that have entered the research literature in recent years. Next, the subjects of direct conversion of poorly watersoluble drugs, encapsulation of drugs, and drying of preformed nanoparticles are considered. Finally, topics such as morphology, particle size, size distribution, surface analysis, bioavailability, drug release, release kinetics, and solid-state characterization (by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance) of oral drug delivery systems produced by nano spray drying are discussed. The review attempts to provide a comprehensive knowledge base with current literature and foresight to researchers working in the field of pharmaceutical technology and nanotechnology and especially in the field of nano spray drying.

Latest research about active pharmaceutical ingredient loaded Poly Lactic Acid-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) based drug delivery system in Türkiye

“…Drug delivery systems and polymers used in drug delivery systems are a very important issue today and studies are continuing [81,[83][84][85][86][87]. Different drug delivery systems prepared with polymers are more advantageous and more promising than traditional drug delivery systems [81,[85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93]. Table 2 shows pharmaceutical R&D studies with PLGA in Turkey.…”

Research Progress of Protein-Based Bioactive Substance Nanoparticles

“…As shown in Figure 4 , nano spray drying consists of the following steps: (1) atomization of the suspension with bioactive substances; (2) solvent removal and evaporation with the dried gas in the drier chamber; (3) formation of microsphere particles; and (4) separation of the particles from the gas stream and collection in a container [ 149 , 150 , 151 ]. The diameter of the particles derived from nano spray drying is usually between 0.3 and 5 μm, and the nature of the particles can be adjusted by regulating parameters such as feed flow rate, concentration of solute, temperature, atomization pressure, and nozzle diameter [ 152 , 153 , 154 ]. For example, high liquid flow rates and large nozzle diameters favor forming large particles, while small nozzle diameters and high atomization pressures lead to smaller particles.…”

Preparation, Characterization, Antioxidant Activities, and Determination of Anti-Alzheimer Effects of PLGA-Based DDSs Containing Ferulic Acid

“…Researchers frequently develop drug delivery systems using nanocarriers for this reason . Regarding the usage of multifunctional nanopharmaceuticals, there are numerous instances in the literature and clinical settings, including those involving liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), solid lipid NPs, quantum dots, iron oxide NPs, gold NPs, dendrimers, micelles, and carbon nanotubes . Today, NP-based medicines have a wide range of applications, and advances in nanotechnology offer new ways to approach treating medical conditions .…”

“… 6 Regarding the usage of multifunctional nanopharmaceuticals, there are numerous instances in the literature and clinical settings, including those involving liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), solid lipid NPs, quantum dots, iron oxide NPs, gold NPs, dendrimers, micelles, and carbon nanotubes. 7 Today, NP-based medicines have a wide range of applications, and advances in nanotechnology offer new ways to approach treating medical conditions. 8 The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have both given their approval for the use of the well-known polymer poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA) in targeted chemotherapy administration in nanomedicine.…”