Nano silicon for lithium-ion batteries

Revealing lithium–silicide phase transformations in nano-structured silicon-based lithium ion batteries via in situ NMR spectroscopy

“…However, this high capacity is associated with large volume changes (of up to 300%) 1,2 , resulting in fracture, capacity loss [3][4][5][6][7] and cell design issues. Recently, various nano/micro-sized Si powders 3,[8][9][10][11][12] , nano-Si composites 8,[13][14][15][16] and Si nanowire (SiNW)-based LIBs have been reported 9,[17][18][19] , which can help accommodate the volume expansion. An alternative practical strategy involves the use of Si/graphite composite structures that couple the good capacity and cyclability of graphite with a small fraction of the Si capacity (of an all-Si electrode) to provide modest but still significant increases in capacity.…”

Effect of Fluoroethylene Carbonate in the Electrolyte for LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode in Lithium-ion Batteries

“…These anode materials suffer from pulverization because of the large volume change during lithiation and delithiation. Many researchers have been attempting to achieve control over the morphology of the active materials and the physical characteristics of the binder to prevent this detrimental phenomenon [3,8]. Simultaneously, the electrolyte plays an important role in the formation of a stable passivation film on the electrode surface, whose area increases continually because of pulverization.…”

Theoretical Study of Si(x)Ge(y)Li(z)- (x=4-10, y=1-10, z=0-10) Clusters for Designing of Novel Nanostructured Materials to be Utilized as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Silicon has recently become very popular as a potential anode material for lithium batteries because it has a low discharge potential and the highest known theoretical charge capacity (which could be 10x that of ghaphite). [1][2][3][4] However, silicon anodes have limited applications because of the large volume change upon lithium cations insertion or extraction. Silicon nanowires have been shown to be promising as high-performance lithium battery anodes because the can accommodate large strains derived from lithium charging or discharging.…”