Nano-scale smooth surface of the compact-TiO<sub>2</sub> layer <i>via</i> spray pyrolysis for controlling the grain size of the perovskite layer in perovskite solar cells

Nukunudompanich, Methawee; Suzuki, Kazuma; Kameda, Keisuke; Manzhos, Sergei; Ihara, Manabu

doi:10.1039/d3ra05547g

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…[ 10,12 ] Another advantage is the processing temperature for SnO 2 less than 200 °C [ 13 ] compared to ≈450 °C required for TiO 2 to obtain its anatase phase. [ 14,15 ] Furthermore, most of the recent PCE records for PSCs were achieved using SnO 2 . [ 9,16,17 ] The commercially available SnO 2 nanocolloid dispersion further facilitates its widespread use as ETLs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO₂ Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Pylnev,

Nishikubo,

Ishiwari

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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The widespread use of tin dioxide (SnO2) thin films as electron transport layer (ETL) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been facilitated by commercial SnO2 nanocolloid dispersion. Nevertheless, challenges such as nanoparticle agglomeration have emerged, impacting film quality and interface properties critical for PSC performance. Herein, the efficacy of sequential, multistep spin‐coating of repeatedly diluted SnO2 aqueous suspension as a simple and effective approach to enhance ETL properties is explored. Through systematic experiments using dynamic light scattering, cyclic voltammetry, optical spectroscopy, and photoconductivity, it is demonstrated that the sequential deposition significantly improves the flatness and coverage of SnO2, leading to improved electron transport and transfer from a perovskite layer. Such a synergetic effect enables to fabricate lead iodide PSC (FAPbI3, FA: formamidinium) with a power conversion eﬃciency of 22.99% compared to 20.48% for the conventional 1‐step SnO2 layer. The findings underscore the potential of sequential SnO2 deposition as a promising technique for robust SnO2 films of photoelectric conversion devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO₂ Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Pylnev,

Nishikubo,

Ishiwari

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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Nanoscale Graded Nitrogen‐Doping of TiO₂ via Pulsed Laser Deposition for Enhancing Charge Transfer in Perovskite Solar Cells

Jung,

Yoon,

Park

et al. 2024

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An electron transport layer (ETL) for highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) should exhibit superior electrical transport properties and have its band levels aligned with interfacing layers to ensure efficient extraction of photo‐generated carriers. Nitrogen‐doped TiO2 (TiO2:N) is considered a promising ETL because it offers higher electrical conductivity compared to conventional ETLs made from spray‐pyrolyzed TiO2. However, the application of highly doped TiO2:N in PSCs is often limited by the misalignment of energy band levels with adjacent layers and reduced optical transparency. In this study, a novel approach is introduced to enhance the charge transport characteristics and accurately align the electronic band alignment of TiO2:N layer through nanoscale doping level grading, achieved through the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The TiO2:N ETL with a graded doping profile can combine characteristics of both highly doped and lightly doped phases on each side. Furthermore, a nanoscale doping gradation, employing an ultrathin sub‐layer structure with graded doping levels, creates a smoothly cascading band‐level alignment that bridges the adjacent layers, enhancing the transport of photo‐generated carriers. Consequently, this method leads to a substantial increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE), exceeding 22%, which represents a relative improvement of 11% compared to traditional spray‐pyrolyzed TiO2‐based PSCs.

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Nano-scale smooth surface of the compact-TiO₂ layer via spray pyrolysis for controlling the grain size of the perovskite layer in perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Nano-roughness of compact TiO2 (c-TiO2) fabricated via spray pyrolysis method had a significant effect on the perovskite grain size and solar cell performance. Decreased roughness of c-TiO2 promoted larger perovskite grain sizes.

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO₂ Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO₂ Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Nanoscale Graded Nitrogen‐Doping of TiO₂ via Pulsed Laser Deposition for Enhancing Charge Transfer in Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-scale smooth surface of the compact-TiO2 layer via spray pyrolysis for controlling the grain size of the perovskite layer in perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Nano-roughness of compact TiO2 (c-TiO2) fabricated via spray pyrolysis method had a significant effect on the perovskite grain size and solar cell performance. Decreased roughness of c-TiO2 promoted larger perovskite grain sizes.

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO2 Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO2 Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Nanoscale Graded Nitrogen‐Doping of TiO2 via Pulsed Laser Deposition for Enhancing Charge Transfer in Perovskite Solar Cells

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Product

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Nano-scale smooth surface of the compact-TiO₂ layer via spray pyrolysis for controlling the grain size of the perovskite layer in perovskite solar cells

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO₂ Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Sequential Deposition of Diluted Aqueous SnO₂ Dispersion for Perovskite Solar Cells

Nanoscale Graded Nitrogen‐Doping of TiO₂ via Pulsed Laser Deposition for Enhancing Charge Transfer in Perovskite Solar Cells