Nano-Omics Approaches for Studying Plant Growth, Yield, and Nutritional Value

Abstract

The global population's exponential growth poses a challenge, demanding innovative solutions for sustainable crop yield and nutritional enhancement. Nano-omics, rooted in nanotechnology, revolutionizes agriculture. Nanoparticles (NPs) penetrate plant tissues for precise nutrient delivery, catalyzing peroxidase and catalase synthesis. This scavenges reactive oxygen species, reducing lipid peroxidation, preserving cell membrane integrity, enhancing water and nutrient uptake, and stimulating carbohydrate partitioning. Omics techniques (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) explore molecular interactions. Genomic analysis reveals altered gene expression related to growth, yield, and stress response. Transcriptomic studies show modulation of transcription factors and pathways by nano-zymes. Proteomic investigations focus on protein profile changes induced by nano-zymes, deepening understanding of plant responses. It unveils the interplay between nano-zymes and plants, providing insights into mechanisms for augmented crop growth and nutritional enhancement.