Nano-lignin filled natural rubber composites: Preparation and characterization

Jiang, Can; He, Hui; Jiang, Hao; Ma, Lin; Jia, Demin

doi:10.3144/expresspolymlett.2013.44

Cited by 184 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…This phenomenon is due to possible adsorbing of the curing system (e.g. activators, accelerators) by biofillers and limited mobility of NR molecules related to good dispersion of filler in NR matrix (Jiang et al 2013;Raza et al 2014). For better presentation of biocomposites' curing behavior, selected curing curves are shown in the Fig.…”

Section: Curing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and structure–property relationships of natural rubber/wheat bran biocomposites

et al. 2016

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In this work, wheat bran was used as cellulosic filler in biocomposites based on natural rubber. The impact of wheat bran content [ranging from 10 to 50 parts per hundred rubber (phr)] on processing, structure, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal properties, physico-mechanical properties and morphology of resulting biocomposites was investigated. For better characterization of interfacial interactions between natural rubber and wheat bran, achieved results were compared with properties of biocomposites filled with commercially available cellulosic fillers-wood flour and microcellulose. It was observed that wheat bran, unlike commercial cellulosic fillers, contains high amount of proteins, which act like plasticizers having profitable impact on processing, physical, thermo-mechanical and morphological properties of biocomposites. This is due to better dispersion and distribution of wheat bran particles in natural rubber, which results in reduction of stiffness and porosity of the biocomposites. Regardless of cellulosic filler type, Wolff activity coefficient was positive for all studied biocomposites implying reinforcing effect of the applied fillers, while tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing filler content. This phenomenon is related to restricted strain-induced crystallization of NR matrix due to limited mobility of polymer chains in the biocomposites. Furthermore, this explains negligible impact of particle size distribution, chemical composition and crystallinity degree of applied cellulosic filler on static mechanical properties of highlyfilled NR biocomposites. The conducted investigations show that wheat bran presents interesting alternative for commercially available cellulosic fillers and could be successfully applied as a low-cost filler in polymer composites.

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Section: Curing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and structure–property relationships of natural rubber/wheat bran biocomposites

et al. 2016

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“…[17] Being evenly distributed in polymer matrices, these nanoparticles can increase the mechanical performance, thermal stability, and barrier properties of the resulting composites. [18] Jiang et al [19] obtained nanolignin by fabricating colloidal lignin-poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) complexes through self-assembly. They dissolved purified lignin in a sodium hydroxide solution, which was slowly added to a PDADMAC solution under vigorous stirring, leading to the formation of colloidal lignin-PDADMAC complexes with different mass ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Shear Homogenization of Lignin to Nanolignin and Thermal Stability of Nanolignin‐Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends

et al. 2014

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A new method to prepare nanolignin using a simple high shear homogenizer is presented. The kraft lignin particles with a broad distribution ranging from large micron- to nano-sized particles were completely homogenized to nanolignin particles with sizes less than 100 nm after 4 h of mechanical shearing. The (13) C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and (31) P NMR analysis showed that there were no major changes in the chemical composition between the starting kraft lignin particles and the nanolignin obtained after 4 h of mechanical treatment. The nanolignin particles did not show any change in molecular weight distribution and polydispersity compared to the original lignin particles. The nanolignin particles when used with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) increased the thermal stability of nanolignin/PVA blends more effectively compared to the original lignin/PVA blends.

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“…Most recently, Xiao et al [1] prepared styrene-butadiene rubber/lignin-layered double hydroxide composites by melt mixing. Jiang et al [9] fabricated natural rubber/nano-lignin composites. Jiang et al [10] also fabricated cationic lignin/montmorillonite nano sheets and used it to reinforce SBR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcing styrene butadiene rubber with lignin-novolac epoxy resin networks

Yu¹,

He²,

Jiang³

et al. 2015

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. In this study, lignin-novolac epoxy resin networks were fabricated in the styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix by combination of latex compounding and melt mixing. Firstly, SBR/lignin compounds were co-coagulated by SBR latex and lignin aqueous solution. Then the novolac epoxy resin (F51) was added in the SBR/lignin compounds by melt compounding method. F51 was directly cured by lignin via the ring-opening reaction of epoxy groups of F51 and OH groups (or COOH groups) of lignin during the curing process of rubber compounds, as was particularly evident from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies and maximum torque of the curing analysis. The existence of lignin-F51 networks were also detected by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The structure of the SBR/lignin/F51 was also characterized by rubber process analyzer (RPA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and determination of crosslinking density. Due to rigid lignin-F51 networks achieved in SBR/lignin/F51 composites, it was found that the hardness, modulus, tear strength, crosslinking density, the temperature of 5 and 10% weight-loss were significantly enhanced with the loading of F51.

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Nano-lignin filled natural rubber composites: Preparation and characterization

Cited by 184 publications

References 41 publications

Processing and structure–property relationships of natural rubber/wheat bran biocomposites

Processing and structure–property relationships of natural rubber/wheat bran biocomposites

High Shear Homogenization of Lignin to Nanolignin and Thermal Stability of Nanolignin‐Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends

Reinforcing styrene butadiene rubber with lignin-novolac epoxy resin networks

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