Nano-Iron Oxide (Fe₃O₄) Mitigates the Effects of Microplastics on a Ryegrass Soil–Microbe–Plant System

Do Added Microplastics, Native Soil Properties, and Prevailing Climatic Conditions Have Consequences for Carbon and Nitrogen Contents in Soil? A Global Data Synthesis of Pot and Greenhouse Studies

“…This is in accordance with a recent study, which found that inputs of tire abrasion-based MPs in coarse soil increased pH . Elsewhere, increased soil pH often stimulates nutrient mobility. , The reduction of C and N in sandy soils might be related to the increased mobility of these nutrients. One possible mechanism would be that the excessive loss of water and nutrient ions from sandy soils could be associated with increased pH .…”

“…Such effects could arise from increased water losses, a hallmark of sandy soils. The decrease in TN was in accordance with Liu’s research, conducted in red sandy soil, in which both polyethylene and poly­(vinyl chloride) lowered TN. In contrast, the pH of our sandy soils increased following MP addition.…”

“…Another clear pattern from our results was that MP pollution can cause a cascade of long- or short-term decrease in soil pH. In MP-contaminated soils, pH reduction can occur via (1) the release of organic acids during decomposition of organic compounds , and (2) the increased abundance of actinobacteria, which acidify soil to outcompete other bacterial species. , It is highly possible that these mechanisms were responsible for decreased soil pH: (1) because we have observed a depletion of C and N stocks that produce organic acids to lower pH and (2) because under polluted conditions, the soil microbial community will often shift, resulting in altered pH. , In contrast, a recent study found that MPs did not affect soil pH after only 30 days of exposure . This implies that the effects of MPs on the soil pH might change with the duration of exposure.…”

Magnesium oxide nanoparticles reduce clubroot by regulating plant defense response and rhizosphere microbial community of tumorous stem mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida)

“…This study proves for the first time that nanomaterials also have the potential to control cruciferous clubroot. Numerous studies have shown that nanomaterials can significantly promote plant growth (Arora et al, 2012;Nair, 2016), and its mechanism of action is multifaceted, including enhancing photosynthesis (Liu et al, 2023;Mehmood et al, 2023), improving the leaf or rhizosphere microbial communities (Karnwal et al, 2023;Liu et al, 2023), alleviating oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity (Wu et al, 2023), and increasing the availability of nutrients in plants (Ahmed et al, 2022), regulating plant hormones and metabolism (Kang et al, 2023), and so on. The results of this study was consistent with part of previous studies.…”

“…Imada et al (2016) demonstrated that MgO NPs induced resistance of susceptible varieties' roots and hypocotyl to bacterial wilt by activating salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET) signaling pathways in tomatoes. Thirdly, nanomaterials can alter the plant rhizosphere microbial community and create a microbial environment that is not conducive to the development of diseases (Yan et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2023). Rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in promoting plant growth, stress tolerance, and pathogen resistance (Williams et al, 2023).…”