Nano-Interstice Driven Powerless Blood Plasma Extraction in a Membrane Filter Integrated Microfluidic Device

Kim, Jae-Hoon; Yoon, Junghyo; Byun, Jae Yeong; Kim, Hyunho; Han, Sewoon; Kim, Jung-Hyun; Lee, Jeong Hoon; Jo, Han Sang; Chung, Seok

doi:10.3390/s21041366

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Plasma separation membranes can efficiently process undiluted blood to release relatively high plasma yields, and they are easily incorporated into microfluidic devices and/or coupled with detection techniques. − However, membranes are susceptible to clogging and leaking RBCs into the plasma product, especially for samples high in hematocrit . Some robust membranes can resist hematocrit of up to 55%, which is above the healthy hematocrit level (36–50%) but results in a decrease in plasma yield. ,− Moreover, since plasma yield is dependent on hematocrit, patients with diseases associated with higher hematocrit levels must be considered before employing these devices for plasma analysis. Gao et al sought to resolve these issues by integrating a plasma separation membrane into a microfluidic device for filtration via lateral displacement of cells (Figure A) .…”

Section: Microfluidic Devices For Sample Preparation Of Undiluted Who...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Microfluidic Devices for Sample Preparation of Undiluted Whole Blood to Enable the Detection of Biomarkers

et al. 2023

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Blood testing allows for diagnosis and monitoring of numerous conditions and illnesses; it forms an essential pillar of the health industry that continues to grow in market value. Due to the complex physical and biological nature of blood, samples must be carefully collected and prepared to obtain accurate and reliable analysis results with minimal background signal. Examples of common sample preparation steps include dilutions, plasma separation, cell lysis, and nucleic acid extraction and isolation, which are time-consuming and can introduce risks of sample cross-contamination or pathogen exposure to laboratory staff. Moreover, the reagents and equipment needed can be costly and difficult to obtain in point-of-care or resource-limited settings. Microfluidic devices can perform sample preparation steps in a simpler, faster, and more affordable manner. Devices can be carried to areas that are difficult to access or that do not have the resources necessary. Although many microfluidic devices have been developed in the last 5 years, few were designed for the use of undiluted whole blood as a starting point, which eliminates the need for blood dilution and minimizes blood sample preparation. This review will first provide a short summary on blood properties and blood samples typically used for analysis, before delving into innovative advances in microfluidic devices over the last 5 years that address the hurdles of blood sample preparation. The devices will be categorized by application and the type of blood sample used. The final section focuses on devices for the detection of intracellular nucleic acids, because these require more extensive sample preparation steps, and the challenges involved in adapting this technology and potential improvements are discussed.

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Section: Microfluidic Devices For Sample Preparation Of Undiluted Who...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Microfluidic Devices for Sample Preparation of Undiluted Whole Blood to Enable the Detection of Biomarkers

et al. 2023

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“…10 Comparison of the various channel-based microfluidic devices geometries in terms of the separation efficiencies for the whole blood (Hct ≥ 37%). [1]: Catarino et al ( 2019 ); [2]: Kim et al ( 2021 ); [3]: Songjaroen et al ( 2012 ); [4]: Guo et al ( 2020 ); [5]: Luo et al ( 2018 ); [6]: Sollier et al ( 2010 ); [7]: Dalili et al ( 2013 ); [8]: Goldsmith et al ( 1989 ); [9]: Barbee and Cokelet ( 1971 ); [10]: Madureira et al ( 2018 ); [11]: Kaun et al ( 2018 ); [12]: Berendsen et al ( 2019 ); [13]: Kersaudy-Kerhoas et al ( 2010b ) …”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of Various Channel-based Microfluidicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the passive separation techniques are based on the utilization of molecular interaction between the particle (e.g., cells), i.e., hydrodynamic forces (i.e., based on inertial forces, pinch flow, deterministic lateral displacement, etc. ), hemodynamic effects (i.e., based on Fahraeus effect, Fahraeus–Lindqvist effect, plasma skimming, migration of leukocytes, Zweifach–Fung bifurcation effect), flow fields, structure of the microchannel and the choice of the channel dimensions (Sollier et al 2009 ; Lenshof and Laurell 2010 ; Tripathi et al 2015a , b ; Catarino et al 2019 ; Bayareh 2020 ; Kim et al 2021 ). On the other hand, the active separation techniques are based on the exploitation of external fields, for instance, electric field (i.e., dielectrophoretic), magnetic field (i.e., magnetophoresis), acoustic field (i.e., acoustophoresis) and optical tweezers (i.e., optical forces) for the blood plasma separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidics geometries involved in effective blood plasma separation

Maurya

Murallidharan

Sharma

et al. 2022

Microfluid Nanofluid

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The last two decades witnessed a significant advancement in the field of diluted and whole blood plasma separation. This is one of the common procedures used to diagnose, cure and treat numerous acute and chronic diseases. For this separation purpose, various types of geometries of microfluidic devices, such as T-channel, Y-channel, trifurcation, constriction–expansion, curved/bend/spiral channels, a combination of any of the two geometries, etc., are being exploited, and this is detailed in this review article. The evaluation of the performance of such devices is based on the several parameters such as separation efficiency, flow rate, hematocrits, channel dimensions, etc. Thus, the current extensive review article endeavours to understand how particular geometry influences the separation efficiency for a given hematocrit. Additionally, a comparative analysis of various geometries is presented to demonstrate the less explored geometric configuration for the diluted and whole blood plasma separation. Also, a meta-analysis has been performed to highlight which geometry serves best to give a consistent separation efficiency. This article also presents tabulated data for various geometries with necessary details required from a designer’s perspective such as channel dimensions, targeted component, studied range of hematocrit and flow rate, separation efficiency, etc. The maximum separation efficiency that can be achieved for a given hematocrits and geometry has also been plotted. The current review highlights the critical findings relevant to this field, state of the art understanding and the future challenges.

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“…Depending on the configuration of the device and the properties of the membrane used, the input sample volume can go from a few tens of

to ∼2

. Several devices based on microfiltration configurations can be found in the literature, featuring dead-end filtration [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], cross-flow filtration [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], sedimentation-assisted microfiltration [ 19 , 20 , 21 ] and immunological capture methods [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, no information was given about the purity or the haemoglobin levels of the recovered plasma. In the study by Kim et al [ 15 ], details on the original haematocrit level of samples and the purity and haemoglobin content in extracted plasma were not provided. Similarly, [ 14 ] provides no detail on plasma purity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printed Devices for the Separation of Blood Plasma from Capillary Samples

Deiana,

Smith

2024

Micromachines

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Sample preparation is a critical requirement for many clinical tests and diagnostic procedures, but it is difficult to perform on a lab-on-a-chip platform. The analytical side of microfluidic technologies has been gradually catching up with laboratory methods in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability. There is a growing need for the development of sample preparation modules that can either be connected or embedded into such devices and extract blood plasma in a fast, safe, and automated way. Achieving this functionality is an important step towards creating commercially viable products that can one day become part of everyday life. In this study, a range of simple, yet effective, 3D printed sample preparation devices was developed. The devices rely on snap-fit mechanisms and “resin-bonding” methods to fasten two layers and integrate a plasma separation membrane in between. The devices have excellent usability, with only one step required for their operation without any waiting time for the user, and could extract an average of 56.88% of the total available plasma from 50 μL capillary blood samples in 87 s without inducing any haemolysis. The manufacturing process is quick and straightforward, requiring only low-cost equipment and minimal training. The devices can either be used as a stand-alone device or integrated into an existing lab-on-a-chip system to provide blood filtration capabilities.

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Nano-Interstice Driven Powerless Blood Plasma Extraction in a Membrane Filter Integrated Microfluidic Device

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Emerging Microfluidic Devices for Sample Preparation of Undiluted Whole Blood to Enable the Detection of Biomarkers

Emerging Microfluidic Devices for Sample Preparation of Undiluted Whole Blood to Enable the Detection of Biomarkers

Microfluidics geometries involved in effective blood plasma separation

3D Printed Devices for the Separation of Blood Plasma from Capillary Samples

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