Nano-Enabled Chronic Wound Healing Strategies: Burn and Diabetic Ulcer Wounds

Abstract

The human skin serves as the body’s first line of defense against the environment. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and 2nd–4th degree burns, on the other hand, affect the skin’s protective barrier features. Burn wounds, hypermetabolic state, and hyperglycemia compromise the immune system leading to chronic wound healing. Unlike acute wound healing processes, chronic wounds are affected by reinfections which can lead to limb amputation or death. The conventional wound dressing techniques used to protect the wound and provide an optimal environment for repair have their limitations. Various nanomaterials have been produced that exhibit distinct features to tackle issues affecting wound repair mechanisms. This review discusses the emerging technologies that have been designed to improve wound care upon skin injury. To ensure rapid healing and possibly prevent scarring, different nanomaterials can be applied at different stages of healing (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodeling).

Effect of Diabetes on Wound Healing: A Bibliometrics and Visual Analysis

“…For example, nanomaterials, antibacterial surface coatings, phototherapy, and ultrasound reduce the risk of wound infection. 54 , 55 4. 3D printing technology: 3D printing technology can produce biological materials with complex structures and individual characteristics for wound repair.…”