Nano-domains in lead-free piezoceramics: a review

Abstract

A systematic review summarizing and analyzing the role of recently observed nano-domains and polar nanoregions (PNRs) in lead-free piezoceramics.

Outstanding Piezoelectricity of (K, Na)(Nb, Sb)O3-SrZrO3-(Bi, Ag)ZrO3 Piezoceramics and Their Application to a Planar-Type Actuator

“…33 /ε o values of the KNNS-(0.04-x)SZ-xBAZ piezoceramics (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.04) were measured at different frequencies to investigate the relaxor properties of these samples. Relaxor ceramics generally have nanodomains with a small domain boundary energy [32][33][34]. Hence, relaxor piezoceramics with nanodomains have been reported to exhibit high piezoelectric characteristics [32][33][34].…”

“…Relaxor ceramics generally have nanodomains with a small domain boundary energy [32][33][34]. Hence, relaxor piezoceramics with nanodomains have been reported to exhibit high piezoelectric characteristics [32][33][34]. Figure 6(a) shows the ε T 33 /ε o values measured at various frequencies for the sample (x = 0.0).…”

“…However, KNN-based piezoceramics with other multi-structures exhibit a comparatively large d 33 value (418-570 pC/N) [9,[22][23][24][25][26]. Furthermore, KNN-based piezoceramics with nanodomains have been reported to have a large d 33 value because the domain boundary energy of the nanodomains is low, resulting in easy domain rotation with high piezoelectricity [32,33]. The nanodomains were generally observed in KNNbased piezoceramics with relaxor properties [34][35][36].…”

Crystal Structure and Ferroelectric Evidence of BaZnSi3O8, a Low‐Permittivity Microwave Dielectric Ceramic

“…reported that Ba 2 Zn (1+ x ) Si 2 O (7+ x ) ceramics possess both low‐permittivity microwave dielectric properties and weak ferroelectricity [11, 12] . According to dielectric theory, microdomain structures flip easily under an external electric field and their absorption of electromagnetic wave energy is low, thereby reducing dielectric loss [13] . Furthermore, the position, width, and strength of the Curie peak can be regulated by optimizing the lattice structure to obtain high electrical tunability characteristics.…”

“…[11,12] According to dielectric theory,m icrodomains tructures flip easily under an external electric field and their absorption of electromagnetic wave energy is low, therebyr educing dielectric loss. [13] Furthermore, the position, width, and strength of the Curie peak can be regulated by optimizing the lattice structure to obtainh igh electricaltunability characteristics. These ceramics are expected to break the barrier of the contradiction between the coexistence of ferroelectricity and microwave dielectric properties in dielectric materials.…”