Nano DCPA-Whisker Composites with High Strength and Ca and PO₄ Release

Abstract

The main challenges facing composite restorations are secondary caries and bulk fracture. The objective of this study was to develop nano DCPA (dicalcium phosphate anhydrous)-whisker composites with high strength and Ca and PO 4 ion release to combat caries. Flexural strength for the nano DCPA-whisker composites at a nano DCPA:whisker mass ratio of 1:2 ranged from (148 ± 9) MPa to (167 ± 23) MPa, significantly higher than the (103 ± 32) MPa of an inlay/onlay commercial control composite without Ca-PO 4 release. The nano DCPA-whisker composite released PO 4 to a concentration of (1.95 ± 0.13) mmol/L and Ca of (0.68 ± 0.05) mmol/L. Compared with previous conventional Ca-and PO 4 -releasing composites, the nano DCPA-whisker composites had strengths two-fold higher, and released comparable or higher levels of Ca and PO 4 . In conclusion, combining nano-DCPA with whiskers yielded novel composites that released high levels of Ca and PO 4 requisite for remineralization. These high-strength composites may provide a unique combination of stressbearing and caries-inhibiting capabilities.

Calcium orthophosphate-based biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials

“…To the author's best knowledge, among calcium orthophosphates listed in Table 3, before very recently only apatites (CDHA, HA and, perhaps, FA) have been available in the nanocrystalline state. However, very recently, nano-DCPA [481][482][483] and nano-MCPM [484] have been synthesized and applied to prepare nano-biocomposites with strong ionic release to combat tooth caries.…”

Nanocomposites with Ca and PO4 release: Effects of reinforcement, dicalcium phosphate particle size and silanization☆

“…The DCPA nano-particles were synthesized via a spray-drying technique in our laboratory [30][31][32]. X-ray diffraction indicated that the powder was DCPA [32].…”

“…X-ray diffraction indicated that the powder was DCPA [32]. This nano DCPA powder was used in the present study along with two other DCPA powders, as listed in Table 1.…”

“…Nano-particles of hydroxyapatite, α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) have been synthesized previously [27][28][29]. Nano-particles of DCPA were never reported until recently, when they were synthesized via a spray-drying technique in our laboratory for the first time [30][31][32]. These nano-particles were incorporated into dental resin composites which showed promise for both caries-inhibiting and stress-bearing capabilities [32].…”

“…Nano-particles of DCPA were never reported until recently, when they were synthesized via a spray-drying technique in our laboratory for the first time [30][31][32]. These nano-particles were incorporated into dental resin composites which showed promise for both caries-inhibiting and stress-bearing capabilities [32]. However, the effects of DCPA particle size and silanization have not been investigated.…”