Nano‐Confined Growth of Perovskite Quantum Dots in Transparent Nanoporous Glass for Luminescent Chemical Sensing

Abstract

synthesis has emerged as the strategy for generating high-quality nanosized particles. [1,2] The resulting composite materials, in particular those inorganic nanoparticles embedded in the nanoporous matrix, often exhibit unanticipated optical, thermoelectric, magnetic, catalytic, and other properties. [1][2][3][4][5] The chemistry inside a nano-confined space would impose the physical constraints and chemical effect to increase reaction rates, limit growth size and stabilize reactive species. [5] Controlling the size and shape of semiconductor nanocrystals will enable tuning the bandgap of semiconductors via the quantum size effect, thus launching an effective route to precisely control the emission wavelength of nanocrystals. In addition, the nano-sized cage would also isolate and stabilize the formed nanocrystals. [6] Metal halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) recently have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding optical and electric properties, which make them promising candidates as building blocks of optoelectronic devices, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), [7] photovoltaics, [8,9] lasers, [10,11] and photodetectors. [12] Recent intriguing concepts have elegantly used nano porous matrices to integrate with perovskite materials including nanocrystals and films. Such systems exhibit efficient manufacturing processes with much-improved material stability [13,14] and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) above 50%. [15][16][17] One facile strategy to create such systems is in situ nano-confined growth of metal perovskite QDs in a nanoporous template. However, prior studies have focused on using powders or thin films, [16][17][18][19] the low-dimensional morphologies of which usually suffer from inherent problems such as poor handling properties, high transparency limitations, and mechanical instability towards optical applications. For the integration of perovskite QDs composites into optoelectronic devices, a complex and time-consuming multi-step package procedure is required. [18,20] Thus, optically transparent, robust, and monolithic nanoporous templates are therefore highly sought after.The concept of optics and glasses go hand in hand. Recently inorganic glasses have drawn increasing attention as perovskite QDs matrix owing to their superior optical quality and thermal resistance. [21][22][23] The inorganic glass networks could act as a Prior nano-confined matrices for perovskite quantum dots (QDs) dealt only with powders or thin films, which usually suffer from poor handling properties and high transparency limitations for integrating into optical devices. Here, the nano-confined growth of perovskite QDs in an optically transparent, robust, and monolithic matrix by using nanoporous glass (NG) as a nano-reactor is demonstrated. Owing to quantum confinement effects in the inherent nanoporous network, rapid nanoconfined low-temperature solutionprocessed perovskite QDs could synthesize spontaneously. The binding energy of CsPbBr 3 QDs in NG has been enhanced to ≈177.2 meV due to t...

Exploring CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) Perovskite Nanocrystals in Amorphous Oxide Glasses: Innovations in Fabrication and Applications

“…Reproduced with permission. [133] Copyright 2022, Wiley-VCH. Adjusting the properties of the glass matrix, including the melting temperature, the halide solubility, and the hydroxyl content.…”

“…Hu et al used this approach to grow confined CsPbX 3 (X = Br, Cl, I) PeNCs within an optically transparent, robust, and monolithic matrix of nanoporous glass via a wet chemistry approach (Figure 10G). [133] They initially prepared a nanoporous glass (Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 ) using aluminum lactate and tetraethyl orthosilicate with pore sizes of ≈2.9 to ≈7.8 nm. Then, it was immersed into a PbX 2 solution to absorb perovskite precursor into the nanoporous channels.…”

Unlocking the potential of perovskite-based nanomaterials for revolutionary smartphone-based sensor applications

“…[47][48][49] Their integration into smartphone-based sensors may be significantly enhanced by their superior luminescence properties and the ability to precisely tailor their emission spectra. [50][51][52][53] This attribute is critically advantageous for incorporation into smartphone platforms, where inherent optical limitations of the devices can be effectively compensated by the remarkable brightness and tunable emission properties. 54 The high surface-to-volume ratio and rapid electron transfer capabilities inherent to Perovskite-based nanomaterials are fundamental for the efficient transduction of biological interactions into electrical signals.…”

“…47–49 Their integration into smartphone-based sensors may be significantly enhanced by their superior luminescence properties and the ability to precisely tailor their emission spectra. 50–53 This attribute is critically advantageous for incorporation into smartphone platforms, where inherent optical limitations of the devices can be effectively compensated by the remarkable brightness and tunable emission properties. 54…”

Additive Manufacturing of Transparent Multi‐Component Nanoporous Glasses

“…Transparent nanoporous glass (NPG) is a promising optical material, which inherits the excellent physical and chemical stability of inorganic glass with a high specific surface area and pore structure. Due to its unique properties, the NPG has found wide applications in the manufacture of nanofilters, [ 24 ] substrates of biological preparations, nano‐confined optical matrix for luminescent nanocrystals or rare earth ions, [ 25 , 26 ] photonic crystal fiber laser [ 27 ] and the production of micro‐optic components. [ 28 ] The most typical NPG, which is well known as Vycor glass commercialized by Corning company, was fabricated using spinodal decomposition in multi‐component oxide glass and leaching out one of the decomposed phases with the acid solution.…”