Nano carbon containing MgO-C refractory: Effect of graphite content

Low‐Carbon Magnesia‐Carbon Refractory: Use of N220 Nanocarbon Black

“…This is because of the increased filling of pores, resulting in an increase in compaction and densification and results in higher strength values in both batches. The CCS value increased up to 1 wt% nanocarbon due to better filling of pores by the finer particles, after that addition of nanocarbon resulting lower CCS due to higher volume fraction with low density …”

“…Figure shows that cured density has increased with the increase in nanocarbon black content due to better pore filling, resulting in a better compaction up to 1 wt% of nanocarbon black addition for both the 5 and the 3 wt% graphite‐containing batches and reaches a maximum density value of 2.96 g/cm 3 and 2.99 g/cm 3 , respectively. Further increase in the nanocarbon black does not result in further filling of the pore volume, but the bulk volume has increased due to the excess amount of finer particles present, thereby reducing the density values in both the batch . Three weight percent graphite‐containing composition has little higher density value compared to that of 5 wt% graphite one, due to the presence of higher amount of denser magnesia and less amount of graphite.…”

“…1.5% nanocarbon‐containing MgO‐C refractories showed equivalent or better thermal spalling resistance to that of conventional 18% graphite‐containing composition . A combination of 3 wt% graphite and 0.9 wt% of nanocarbon was found to be optimum and resulted in better/comparable properties compared to that of conventional MgO‐C refractory containing 10 wt% graphite . But nanocarbon, mostly used as amorphous carbon black, cannot replace graphite completely in MgO‐C compositions as it has inferior oxidation resistance and thermal conductivity compared with graphite flakes .…”

“…Also increase in nanometer carbon black addition reported to improve modulus of rupture (MOR) and cold crushing strength (CCS) of MgO‐C refractory by many researchers . A number of researchers have obtained excellent properties in magnesia‐carbon refractory using nanocarbons . Fine nanosized particles play a vital role in filling up the interior pores and gaps of various grains/particles, resulting in compact structure with improved physical, mechanical, and chemical properties.…”

Fabrication of graphitic carbon spheres and their application in Al2O3‐SiC‐C refractory castables

“…Although it is still technically difficult to make carbon‐containing castables with high levels of carbon, some low carbon castables, eg, Al 2 O 3 ‐SiC‐C castables, have already been used extensively in some important areas, in particular, in blast furnace troughs . Flake graphite (FG) is a common choice for preparation of carbon‐containing castables owing to its good slag resistance, high thermal conductivity, and satisfactory oxidation resistance . However, it has a poor water‐wettability, which increases the water‐demand for castable casting and decreases the mechanical strength of the final castables.…”