Naloxone formulation for overdose reversal preference among patients receiving opioids for pain management

Dunn, Kelly E.; Barrett, Frederick S.; Bigelow, George E.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.011

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, we speculate that the availability of intranasal naloxone was the more impactful of the two changes, given that nearly two‐thirds of individuals continued to present a health card at the time of naloxone dispensing in March 2020, at which point intranasal naloxone represented 72.8% of all kits dispensed. A preference for the intranasal formulation probably reflects a greater sense of comfort and ease of use relative to injectable naloxone, and has been confirmed in a recent study of opioid recipients to be the preferred formulation of the drug [38]. Thirdly, some individuals may have been misclassified when deriving our exposure group definitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Impact of policy changes on the provision of naloxone by pharmacies in Ontario, Canada: a population‐based time–series analysis

Antoniou

Martins

Campbell³

et al. 2021

Addiction

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Background and aims In June 2016, the Ontario, Canada government implemented the Ontario Naloxone Program for Pharmacies (ONPP), authorizing pharmacists to provide injectable naloxone kits at no charge to all Ontario residents. In March 2018, the program was amended to include intranasal naloxone and remove the requirement to present a government health card to the dispensing pharmacist. We examined whether these changes increased naloxone dispensing through the ONPP. Design Population‐based time–series analysis using interventional autoregressive integrated moving average models. Setting Ontario, Canada. Participants All Ontario residents between 1 July 2016 and 31 March 2020. Measurements Monthly rates of pharmacy naloxone dispensing. Findings Overall, 199 484 individuals were dispensed a naloxone kit during the study period. In the main analysis, the rate of pharmacy naloxone dispensing increased by 65.1% following program changes (55.6–91.8 kits per 100 000 population between February 2018 and May 2018; P = 0.01). In subgroup analyses, naloxone dispensing increased among individuals receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT) (3374.9–7264.2 kits per 100 000 OAT recipients; P = 0.04) among individuals receiving other prescription opioids (192.8–381.8 kits per 100 000 population prescribed opioids; P < 0.01), among individuals with past opioid exposure (134.7–205.6 kits per 100 000 population with past opioid exposure; P < 0.01) and in urban centers (56.2–91.4 kits per 100 000 population; P < 0.01). We did not observe a clear impact on pharmacy‐dispensed naloxone to individuals with no or unknown opioid exposure (34.4–39.3 kits per 100 000 population with no/unknown opioid exposure; P = 0.42) and in rural regions (50.4–97.2 kits per 100 000 population; P = 0.09). Conclusions Changes to the Ontario Naloxone Program for Pharmacies to add intranasal naloxone and remove the requirement to present a government health card appeared to increase pharmacy‐based naloxone dispensing uptake in Ontario, Canada, particularly among individuals at high risk of inadvertent opioid overdose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Impact of policy changes on the provision of naloxone by pharmacies in Ontario, Canada: a population‐based time–series analysis

Antoniou

Martins

Campbell³

et al. 2021

Addiction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This work provides a strong justification for a best practice method in crowdsourced research of utilizing a two-step verification process (combined with other methods to prevent repeated survey taking such as the "prevent ballot box stuff" option in Qualtrics). Important to note is that this process has already been utilized successfully by several research groups conducting work in addiction science even in the absence of a codified recommendations (8,(35)(36)(37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing content-knowledge questionnaires to assess study eligibility and detect deceptive responding

Strickland

Stoops

2019

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Background: Deceptive responding during eligibility screening presents a significant concern for assessing inclusion/exclusion criteria. This problem is compounded in settings for which biomarkers or other objective verification (e.g., urinalysis) are not feasible. Objectives: Introduce and describe content-knowledge questionnaires as an objective method for collaterally assessing study eligibility. Methods: Participants (N = 3772; 66.1% female) recruited using the crowdsourcing resource Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) completed a Cannabis Knowledge Questionnaire (CKQ). The CKQ contained four-items indexing knowledge of typical cannabis costs, weights, and terminology. Self-reported cannabis use history was collected and compared to individual item and total scale scores. A separate in-laboratory assessment evaluated participants during in-person screening for cannabis, alcohol, and cocaine research protocols (N = 43). Results: Good internal consistency (α = .74) was observed. The most common correctly answered question was about dabbing (41.4%) followed by cannabis cost (37.6%), hybrid strains (36.6%), and estimated weight (29.7%). Current cannabis use was associated with large effect size increases in the rate of correct responses (RR = 3.64) as well as odds of a correct response on individual items (OR = 5.88-21.48). In the laboratory study, participants with a positive urine drug test for cannabis or those reporting lifetime regular cannabis use scored higher than those without this history (RR = 1.89-2.61). Conclusion: These findings highlight the efficiency and efficacy of including content-knowledge questionnaires for collateral assessment of study eligibility, especially when biomarkers are not possible. Future studies will be useful for extending this initial demonstration to alternative settings and substances.

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“…“Naloxone (Narcan) is a fast-acting opioid antagonist that can be used to reverse the agonist effects of opioids to stop an overdose. In the past decade, there have been increasing efforts to equip non-medical persons with naloxone and train them in its administration to reverse an opioid overdose.” 4 Four (4) CMHSPs indicated that they do not have any interactions with the public libraries in their county. While these CMHSPs reported that they do not provide any services or information to their public libraries, they did indicate interest in beginning to implement services after hearing what other CMHSPs are doing.…”

Section: Community Mental Health Centers and Librariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Model Policy for Public Libraries to Address Homelessness & Mental Illness

Barone

Fifelski

Stocker

et al. 2020

Delaware Journal of Public Health

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Naloxone formulation for overdose reversal preference among patients receiving opioids for pain management

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of policy changes on the provision of naloxone by pharmacies in Ontario, Canada: a population‐based time–series analysis

Impact of policy changes on the provision of naloxone by pharmacies in Ontario, Canada: a population‐based time–series analysis

Utilizing content-knowledge questionnaires to assess study eligibility and detect deceptive responding

Developing a Model Policy for Public Libraries to Address Homelessness & Mental Illness

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