Naloxone and epinephrine are equally effective for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a rat asphyxia model

Abstract

The administration of naloxone or epinephrine alone may increase the resuscitation rate, and both drugs are equally effective for CPR in a rat asphyxia model. However, the mechanism by which naloxone produces its efficacy during CPR remains unclear and further experimentation will be necessary.

Effects of terlipressin and naloxone compared with epinephrine in a rat model of asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest

“…In other studies using naloxone in rat asphyxia models, the ROSC rates were similar to those obtained with epinephrine (seven of eight animals in each group) (16); there was a trend toward higher ROSC rates at a dose of 1 mg/kg compared with 0.5 mg/kg of naloxone (1 mg/kg: seven of eight animals; 0.5 mg/kg: three of eight animals) (15). In addition, the combination of epinephrine and naloxone decreased the time that was required to attain ROSC during CPR (naloxone plus epinephrine: 133 sec vs. epinephrine: 206 sec; p <0.01) (23,24).…”

Updates in theAmericanHeartAssociation guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and potential applications to veterinary patients

“…Many experimental models of induced CPA (cardiopulmonary arrest) utilize rodent or swine models, with questionable translation to canine and feline patients. [23][24][25][26] Canine models have been used to study resuscitation medicine since the early 1900s. 27,28 When considering guidelines for use in dogs, recommendations derived from these studies may be stronger than those derived from human studies; however, subjects are often young healthy animals, under anesthesia, with induced mechanisms of CPA dissimilar to clinical patients.…”

Efeito do azul de metileno como adjuvante no desfecho da parada cardíaca: estudo experimental em ratos

“…Caso o animal apresentasse queda da PAM após a definição de sobrevida, mantendo níveis abaixo de 25 mmHg por mais de 5 minutos, o óbito era decretado. Nestes casos seguiu-se o mesmo protocolo utilizado para dos demais, anotando o tempo de sobrevida e coletando as amostras para análise (91)(92)(93) .…”

“…Muitos artigos não relatam o nível de PAM para RCE, somente comentando ter ocorrido (3,68,88) . E há estudos que utilizam outros níveis, seja 60 mmHg (96) , bem próximo ao nível basal, seja 20 mmHg (93) , nível que para outros estudos encaixaria no critério de PCR, por ser abaixo de 25 mmHg. Neste estudo utilizou-se como base os dados de Lamoureux et al (2015), com PAM > 25 mmHg para definir RCE, compatível com outros estudos já citados.…”

“…Foi considerado, com base nestes dados, que a padronização do grupo de estudo teria importância na validade interna do estudo (11,34,(88)(89)(90)93,122) . O primeiro ponto de definição foi a forma para indução de PCR.…”