Nagellack-Allergie: Eine wichtige Differentialdiagnose bei Kontaktdermatitis

Abstract

Allergies against nail varnish and its remover and against artificial nails should be included in the differential diagnosis of skin allergies, even when patients have additional type IV sensitizations against common allergens. As the causative allergen can be easily avoided, knowledge of the particular problems associated with these allergies is of a great practical significance.

Safety and Efficacy of Nail Products

“…This new standard will hopefully aid in reducing sensitization and allergy to formaldehyde-containing resins while still maintaining the hardening and adhesion capabilities of these compounds. Acrylate allergies have also been detected in nail polish-users in some cases [18,30,31]. However, in those cases, the women studied also admitted to the usage of artificial nails, which have been more associated with acrylate sensitization.…”

“…For instance, de Groot et al found that out of 119 patients patch tested for allergens in cosmetic products, 16 exhibited reactions to nail lacquer or hardener, with the most prominent patch test reaction being to TSFR [17]. Cases have described eczematous reactions on the face, as well as extensive reactions including dyshidrosiform blisters on the hands [18]. One study identified 14 females who tested positive for allergy to TSFR after presenting with extensive facial dermatitis (especially periorbital and perioral), without paronychium.…”

“…The one report which did present a female with allergy to benzophenone-2, a compound sometimes found in nail polish remover, also presented confounding allergies to substances found in nail polish and artificial nails [18]. In addition, no studies could be found about the efficacy of nail polish or glue removers, or about which compounds are more efficient or beneficial.…”

“…The women tested positive for allergy against benzophenone-2, a compound used in nail polish remover, as well as TSFR in nail polish. The women's symptoms improved after discontinuation of both nail polish and nail polish remover [18]. In addition, proper removal of gel nails, which are often strongly adhered to the nail plate, requires soaking the nails in acetone or other solvents for 10-15 minutes.…”

“…Many cases of localized paronychia, nail dystrophy, onycholysis, pruritic vesicular to lichenified scaling plaques of eczema, and fissuring along the hands have been reported, with patch-test results revealing sensitivity to the aforementioned monomers [18,31,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Onycholysis and subungual hyperkeratosis may also be manifestations of allergies to sculptured nails, and may be difficult to distinguish from nail psoriasis or onychomycosis [47,53].…”