Naevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola

Dermoscopy and in vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy of a Congenital Nevus of the Nipple

“…The differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the nipple includes melanocytic nevus, nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple, reactive hyperkeratosis, melanosis of the areola, melanoma and pigmented Paget’s disease [1,2,3,4,8]. Dermoscopy and RCM have been described only in few of these conditions.…”

“…In some cases, the differential diagnosis between melanocytic nevus, nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple, reactive hyperkeratosis, melanosis of the areola, melanoma and pigmented Paget’s disease on clinical grounds alone is difficult [1,2,3,4]. Dermoscopy and in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) may improve diagnostic accuracy, but to date only few case reports concerning dermoscopy and RCM features of these entities occurring on the nipple have been reported [5].…”

Unilateral nevoid/primary hyperkeratosis of nipple and areola successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation

“…[3–6] Unilateral primary hyperkeratosis of the nipple and/or areola must be distinguished from an underlying breast carcinoma. [7] They are generally asymptomatic but may be itchy. Lesions over nipple may cause difficulty in breastfeeding females.…”

Bilateral circumscribed epidermal naevi or naevoid hyperkeratosis of areola superimposed with naevus comedonicus?

“…NHNA is common in women of childbearing age, suggesting the role of hormone in its pathogenesis. 1,2 When present in male, this type may be associated with exogenous oestrogen therapy or endocrine abnormalities. 3 The typical NHNA is usually bilateral and characterized by persistent verrucous thickening and dark pigmentation of the nipple and/or areola.…”

“…3 The typical NHNA is usually bilateral and characterized by persistent verrucous thickening and dark pigmentation of the nipple and/or areola. 1,2 It seems problematic for our case to fit properly into any clinical entity of HNA mentioned above. The bilateral, circumscribed but not linear skin lesions are of late-onset, neither an extension from an existing epidermal naevus nor association with other well-defined dermatoses.…”