NADA Ear Acupuncture: An Adjunctive Therapy to Improve and Maintain Positive Outcomes in Substance Abuse Treatment

Carter, Kenneth R.; Olshan-Perlmutter, Michelle; Marx, Jonathan; Martini, Janet F; Cairns, Simon B

doi:10.3390/bs7020037

Cited by 21 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…A total of 22 (92%) articles showed a positive effect of auriculotherapy on stress (1,(3)(4)(14)(15)30) , anxiety (2,(11)(12)(13)(16)(17)(18)(19)20,22,(24)(25)(26)(28)(29)(30) or depression (23)(24)(25)(26)(28)(29)(30) . The main tools for measuring outcomes were: List of Symptoms of Stress (LSS) (1,4,(14)(15) , the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (11)(12)(17)(18)(19)(20)22,27) , and the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale (24,29) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main lines of reasoning used in studies for auriculotherapy application were Chinese (1)(2)4,11,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(24)(25)27,30) , the National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) protocol (3,(28)(29) , the French line (21,26) , The Auricular Protocol for Pain & Anxiety (APPA) (22) , and the Gold Protocol (17) . Two of the studies did not define the theoretical foundation (12,23) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basic training of therapists was nursing (n = 8) (1)(2)(14)(15)(16)18,20,22) , medicine (n = 5) (2,17,(26)(27)29) , dentistry (n = 2) (13,23) and psychology (n = 2) (14,22) ; five of these had a specialization in acupuncture (2,(14)(15)20,22) . Furthermore, four studies only characterized the interventionists as acupuncturists (12,21,(24)(25) , two reported that the professionals took a course (28)(29) and five did not define the training area of the therapist (3)(4)11,19,30) . The experience time in the area varied between two and twenty years (12,18,(20)(21)24,29) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scientific evidence points to the effects of this intervention on stress (1,(3)(4)(14)(15) , anxiety (2,(11)(12)(13)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) and depression (23) in isolation or only in associating anxiety and depression (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) . However, there are few studies to date which have evaluated the three outcomes together (30) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carter et al, 2017 (28) To determine whether the National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) protocol and traditional treatments improve quality of life, depression, anxiety and substance withdrawal.…”

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Efeitos da auriculoterapia sobre o estresse, ansiedade e depressão em adultos e idosos: revisão sistemática

Corrêa¹,

Moura

Azevedo

et al. 2020

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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RESUMO Objetivo Identificar evidências na literatura científica acerca dos efeitos da auriculoterapia no tratamento do estresse, ansiedade e depressão em adultos e idosos, analisando os principais protocolos para a aplicação da intervenção. Método Revisão sistemática seguindo os principais itens para relatar revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises (PRISMA). Em fevereiro de 2019, foram desenvolvidas estratégias detalhadas de busca individual para BDENF, CINAHL, Cochrane, CUMED, Embase, LILACS, PEDro, PubMed, Scopus, Segunda Opinião Formativa e Web of Science. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada por meio da Escala de Jadad. Resultados Dos 859 artigos encontrados, 24 compuseram a amostra do estudo. Destes, 22 (92%) evidenciaram efeito positivo da auriculoterapia para estresse, ansiedade ou depressão. Conclusão As evidências disponíveis acerca dos efeitos da auriculoterapia sobre o estresse, ansiedade e depressão comprovam a efetividade da técnica em indivíduos adultos e idosos. No entanto, os estudos apresentaram fragilidades metodológicas. Apesar dos protocolos identificados serem diferentes, existem pontos frequentes, dentre os quais estão Shenmen, Rim, Sistema Nervoso Autônomo, Coração, Tronco Cerebral e Fígado 1 e 2 que podem ser utilizados em novos estudos.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efeitos da auriculoterapia sobre o estresse, ansiedade e depressão em adultos e idosos: revisão sistemática

Corrêa¹,

Moura

Azevedo

et al. 2020

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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Efficacy and Safety of Auricular Acupuncture for Depression

de Oliveira Rodrigues,

Menezes,

Machado Ribeiro Silotto

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceDepression is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and there is increasing interest in nonpharmacological treatments. Auricular acupuncture (AA) is a simple, low-cost, and well-tolerated option, but further studies are needed to establish its efficacy and safety.ObjectiveTo estimate the efficacy and safety of auricular acupuncture as a treatment for depression.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted at 4 university research centers in Brazil, from March to July 2023. Eligible patients were adults aged 18 to 50 years whose score on the Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) indicated moderate depression (score 10-14) or moderately severe depression (score 15-19). Exclusion criteria included previous application of AA, risk of suicidal ideation, or severe depression (PHQ-9 score &gt;20). An intent-to-treat analysis and modified intent-to-treat analysis were conducted.InterventionParticipants were randomized into 2 treatment groups, which included specific AA (SA) and nonspecific AA (NSA). Both groups received 12 sessions of AA with semipermanent needles with daily stimulation twice a week over 6 weeks and were followed-up for 3 months. All participants continued with their usual care for ethical reasons. The SA group’s treatment protocol consisted of 6 acupuncture points on the auricular pavilion chosen according to the diagnosis of depression by traditional Chinese medicine (Shenmen, subcortex, heart, lung, liver, and kidney). The NSA group’s acupuncture points were the external ear, the cheek and face area, and 4 nonspecific points in the helix region unassociated with mental health symptoms. A locator device was used to confirm which areas had neuroreactive points.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was a reduction of at least 50% in the PHQ-9 score (ie, depression recovery) at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included depression recovery at 4 and 6 weeks; depression remission (PHQ-9 score &lt; 5) at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months); and adverse events.ResultsA total of 304 participants were screened, and 74 participants (62 women [84%]; median [IQR] age, 29 [23-27] years) were included in the intention-to-treat analysis, with 37 participants randomized to each group (SA and NSA). A total of 47 participants (64%) were followed-up through 3 months. The results showed no statistically significant difference in depressive recovery between the groups at 3 months (14 of 24 participants in the SA group [58%] vs 10 of 23 participants in the NSA group [43%]; risk ratio [RR], 1.34; 95% CI, 0.76-2.45; P = .38). The proportions of depression recovery and remission at 4 and 6 weeks based on the PHQ-9 were higher in the SA group (except for depression recovery at 6 weeks) with no statistically significant differences. However, a statistically significant difference was observed in symptom remission at 3 months (11 of 24 participants in the SA group [46%] vs 3 of 23 participants in the NSA group [13%]; RR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.16-3.34; P = .02) in favor of SA. There were no significant differences in adverse event rates between the groups, evidencing the intervention’s safety. Most participants reported mild pain at the needle application site (33 patients [94%] in the SA group vs 32 patients [91%] in the NSA group). Five participants dropped out of the study due to adverse events.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this randomized clinical trial suggest that SA over 6 weeks is safe. Although there was no statistically significant difference between groups for the primary efficacy outcome, patients receiving SA did experience greater symptom remission at 3 months. A larger sample size and longer intervention are needed to further evaluate the efficacy of SA for depression.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05855421

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The role of alternative therapies in a comprehensive addiction treatment

Wang¹

2023

Substance Use and Addiction Research

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NADA Ear Acupuncture: An Adjunctive Therapy to Improve and Maintain Positive Outcomes in Substance Abuse Treatment

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Efeitos da auriculoterapia sobre o estresse, ansiedade e depressão em adultos e idosos: revisão sistemática

Efeitos da auriculoterapia sobre o estresse, ansiedade e depressão em adultos e idosos: revisão sistemática

Efficacy and Safety of Auricular Acupuncture for Depression

The role of alternative therapies in a comprehensive addiction treatment

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