NAB 365, a beta 2‐receptor sympathomimetic agent: clinical experience in horses with lung disease

Sasse, Ii. L.; Hajer, R.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1978.tb00333.x

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This was in agreement with clinical studies of the effect of terbutaline in humans in preterm labor. At therapeutic dosages, clenbuterol is associated with few adverse effects in horses 16 and did not alter cardiorespiratory parameters in horses exercising on a treadmill. 14 The increase in lactate concentration appears to be a response to β 2 -adrenoceptor stimulation, as both glucogenolysis and glucolysis are promoted by increased cyclic AMP activity in skeletal muscle and liver cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terbutaline in healthy horses

Törneke¹,

Ingvast-Larsson²,

Johansson³

et al. 2000

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terbutaline in healthy horses

Törneke¹,

Ingvast-Larsson²,

Johansson³

et al. 2000

ajvr

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“…These include salbutamol, terbutaline and clenbuterol, among others. They have been employed with success in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the horse (Sasse and Hager 1978;Murphy, McPherson and Dixon 1980;Shapland, Garner and Hatfield 1981). The bronchoselectivepzagonistsare essentially devoid of cardiac stimulating properties when used at recommended doses.…”

Section: Functional or Physiological Antagonists Syrnpathornirnetic Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Terbutaline, being slowly metabolised, produces a clinical effect for up to 6 h (Murphy et al 1980). Clenbuterol is highly efficacious when administered twice daily (Sasse and Hager 1978). As well as causing bronchodilation, p2 agonists also inhibit the inflammatory release of chemical mediators.…”

Section: Functional or Physiological Antagonists Syrnpathornirnetic Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine immunology 3: Immunopharmacology — Anti‐inflammatory and antihypersensitivity drugs

Eyre

Hanna

Wells³

et al. 1982

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary This article reviews anti‐inflammatory and antihypersensitivity drugs under these 4 headings: Functional or physiological antagonists; Selective pharmacological inhibitors; Broad spectrum anti‐inflammatory drugs; Miscellaneous inhibitors. The compounds considered include sympathomimetic amines, anticholinergic drugs, antihistamine drugs, tryptamine antagonists and dopamine antagonists, glucocorticosteroids and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, disodium cromoglycate and diethylcarbamazine citrate. The relationship of the pharmacological actions of these compounds is considered in the context of clinical conditions. The potential for immunomodulatory pharmacology is discussed using levamisole as an example. Résumé Cet article passe en revue les médicamants anti‐inflammatoires et antalgiques sous quatre rubriques: Les antagonistes fonctionnels ou physiologiques; Les inhibiteurs pharmacologiques sélectifs; Les médicaments anti‐inflammatoires à large spectre; Les inhibiteurs divers. Les composés étudiés comportent des aminés sympathomimétiqes, des médicaments anticholinerigiques, des médicaments antihistamininques, des antagonistes de la tryptamine et de la dopamine, des agents antiinflammatoires non stéroides et glucocorticoîdes, le cromoglycate disodiqu et le citrate de diéthylcarbazine. Les relations entre les activités pharmacologiques de ces composés sont envisagés dans le contexte clinique. La possibilité d'une pharmacologie immunomodulatoire est discutée en prenant le levamisole comme exemple. Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel behandelt entzündungshemmende und anti‐allergische Medikamente unter vier Ueberschriften: Funktionelle und physiologische Antagonisten; Selektive, pharmakologische Inhibitoren; Breitspektrum‐Entzündungshemmer; Verschiedene Inhibitoren. Die berücksichtigten Substanzen umschliessen sympatho‐mimetische Amine, anticholinergische Mittel, Antihistaminica, Tryptaminund Dopaminantagonisten, Glucocorticosteroide, nicht‐steroide Entzündungshemmer, Di‐Natrium‐Chromoglycat und Diaethylcarbamazin‐Citrat. Die Beziehungen der pharmakologischen Wirkungen dieser Substanzen werden in Zussammenhang mit klinischen Zuständen besprochen. Das Potential ether immuno‐modulatorischen Pharmakologie wird am Beispiel von Laevamisol diskutiert.

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“…However, when administered in doses exceeding the therapeutic dose, clenbuterol is active in the repartition mechanism and favors protein synthesis in muscle tissue at the expense of fat (Miller et al, 1988). Especially for animals with bronchospasm, clenbuterol can ameliorate athletic performance (Sasse and Hajer, 1978). Because of its anabolic effect and the stimulating properties, the use of clenbuterol is prohibited by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for athletes and by article 6 of the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities (IFHA) for horses (IOC, 2002;IFHA, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Detection of inhaled clenbuterol in horse urine by GC/MS²

Eenoo

Delbeke

Deprez

2002

Biomedical Chromatography

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Clenbuterol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, is used in the treatment of recurrent airway obstruction in horses. It is prohibited by horse racing authorities, because of its stimulating and growth-promoting properties. However, information on detection times of clenbuterol after administration by nebulization is lacking. In this study, a fast, sensitive quantitative GC-MS(2) method for the detection of clenbuterol in urine was developed. Alkaline liquid-liquid extraction was followed by derivatization to a cyclic methyl boronate derivative and analysis on a Finnigan MAT GCQ instrument. Method validation showed good linearity in the range 0.1-2.0 ng/mL, excellent repeatability and specificity. The limit of quantitative detection of the method was 0.1 ng/ml. Different instrumental parameters of the ion trap mass spectrometer were changed to increase the number of diagnostic ions for the cyclic methyl boronate derivative of clenbuterol. The influence of these changes and their applicability within the requirements and the criteria for mass spectrometry set by the responsible regulatory bodies are discussed. Clenbuterol was administered via nebulization to five standardbred mares (0.4 micro g/kg body weight). Analysis of the urine samples resulted in the detection of clenbuterol, as early as 2 h post administration and for up to 36 h post treatment. Generally, maximum urinary concentrations of 1.2 ng/mL were reached after -6-9 h.

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NAB 365, a beta 2‐receptor sympathomimetic agent: clinical experience in horses with lung disease

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terbutaline in healthy horses

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terbutaline in healthy horses

Equine immunology 3: Immunopharmacology — Anti‐inflammatory and antihypersensitivity drugs

Detection of inhaled clenbuterol in horse urine by GC/MS²

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NAB 365, a beta 2‐receptor sympathomimetic agent: clinical experience in horses with lung disease

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terbutaline in healthy horses

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of terbutaline in healthy horses

Equine immunology 3: Immunopharmacology — Anti‐inflammatory and antihypersensitivity drugs

Detection of inhaled clenbuterol in horse urine by GC/MS2

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Detection of inhaled clenbuterol in horse urine by GC/MS²