Na metal anodes for liquid and solid-state Na batteries

Pirayesh, Parham; Jin, Enzhong; Wang, Yijia; Zhao, Yang

doi:10.1039/d3ee03477a

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 426 publications

(702 reference statements)

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“…It is widely used for the deposition of inorganic materials, such as oxides, [103] nitrides, [104] and sulfides, [105] as well as some organic materials like polymers, [106] and it can be used to deposit high-quality and uniform thin films on substrates of various dimensions and shapes. [107] To stabilize the SMA, Yang et al [108] employed the ALD to deposit a layer of Al 2 O 3 on the SMA surface (Figure 11A), which has enabled stable cycling of the resultant symmetric cell for over 500, 70, and 80 h at current densities of 3, 5, and 10 mA cm −2 , respectively (Figure 11B-D). They have also investigated the effect of ALD deposition duration (and thus coating thickness) on SMA, and the optimal performance was achieved with 25 cycles of ALD deposition.…”

Section: Surface Protection By Physical Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Stable Anodes for High‐Rate Na‐Metal Batteries

Wang,

Lu,

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Due to the low‐cost and high energy density, sodium metal batteries (SMBs) have attracted growing interests, with great potential to power future electric vehicles (EVs) and mobile electronics, which require the rapid charge/discharge capability. However, the development of high‐rate SMBs has been impeded by the sluggish Na+ ion kinetics, particularly at the sodium metal anode (SMA). The high‐rate operation severely threatens the SMA stability, due to the unstable solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI), the Na dendrite growth, and large volume changes during Na plating‐stripping cycles, leading to rapid electrochemical performance degradations. In this paper, we survey key challenges faced by high‐rate SMAs, and we highlight representative stabilization strategies, including the general modification of SMB components (including the host, Na metal surface, electrolyte, separator, and cathode), and emerging solutions with the development of solid‐state SMBs and liquid metal anodes; we elaborate the working principle, performance, and application of these strategies, to reduce the Na nucleation energy barriers and promote Na+ ion transfer kinetics for stable high‐rate Na metal anodes. This review will inspire further efforts to stabilize SMAs and other metal (e.g., Li, K, Mg, Zn) anodes, promoting high‐rate applications of high‐energy metal batteries towards a more sustainable society.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Surface Protection By Physical Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Stable Anodes for High‐Rate Na‐Metal Batteries

Wang,

Lu,

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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“…[ 1–4 ] Thus, the demands for new energy materials are growing. [ 5–11 ] In recent years, lithium‐ion batteries with the advantages of high energy density and portability have been widely used as energy storage devices in fields of 3 °C electronic products and new energy vehicles. Despite that lithium‐ion batteries can be used as one of the most promising energy storage systems, the lithium resources are scarce, making high material costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Application of Thin‐Sodium Metal

Huang,

He,

et al. 2024

Small Science

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With the development of energy storage technology, the new energy storage materials are more diverse. The sodium metal has the advantages of high energy density, rich resource reserves, and low costs for raw materials, becoming promising advanced energy storage materials for application. However, the low tensile strength of sodium metal makes it difficult to process deformation while its severe viscosity and low melting point affect the subsequent manufactory and application of batteries. These characteristics hinder the processing and preparation of thin‐sodium metal. The designs of composite‐supporting structure, alloying, and the interface strengthening for sodium metal can effectively overcome the difficulties in preparation of the thin sodium. In this review, the design principles of thin sodium in terms of processing and preparation, according to the physical and chemical properties of sodium metal, are discussed. Meanwhile, the key challenges and new development opportunities are addressed for the processing and preparation of the thin‐sodium metal, which is beneficial for deeply understanding the reliable fabrication and realizing the practical application of thin‐sodium metals.

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In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy for Sodium Batteries

Ma,

Dong,

Guo

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Sodium batteries, encompassing sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and sodium metal batteries (SMBs), have emerged as a significant trend in the advancement of secondary batteries owing to the natural abundance and economical characteristics of sodium. Despite significant strides in enhancing the electrochemical performance of sodium batteries, understanding their sodium storage mechanism and the factors contributing to capacity degradation remains a challenge. The utilization of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) enables direct observation and a comprehensive investigation of the structure and chemical evolution of electrodes and interfaces during dynamic electrochemical processes. This review first systematically explores the fundamental mechanism of in situ TEM in the context of rechargeable batteries. Then, recent advancements in applying in situ TEM to sodium batteries including SIBs and SMBs are detailed. Finally, this review emphasizes potential opportunities and challenges for the future development of in situ TEM in the realm of sodium batteries, highlighting its significance in unraveling crucial aspects of their operation and guiding further advancements in the field.

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Na metal anodes for liquid and solid-state Na batteries

Abstract: Because of the high abundance, cost-effectiveness and low redox potential of Na, rechargeable Na metal batteries (NMBs) are considered an ideal alternative and complementarity to state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. Despite numerous...

Cited by 11 publications

References 426 publications

Building Stable Anodes for High‐Rate Na‐Metal Batteries

Building Stable Anodes for High‐Rate Na‐Metal Batteries

Preparation and Application of Thin‐Sodium Metal

In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy for Sodium Batteries

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