Na-Ce-modified-SBA-15 as an effective and reusable bimetallic mesoporous catalyst for the sustainable production of biodiesel

Abstract

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Preparation, characterization and evaluation of x-MoO3/Al-SBA-15 catalysts for biodiesel production

“…The reaction was carried out in a batch reactor manufactured by Parr Instruments Inc.-Model 4848. The reaction conditions were set up based on previous works and in accordance to the literature [9][10][11][12]. The reactor is an autoclave made of stainless steel with a volume of 300 mL and was stirred at a speed of 500 rpm.…”

“…A high methanol to oil molar ratio is usually used due to the lower contact between catalyst and reactants in the heterogeneous process than in the homogeneous one. A methanol to oil molar ratio up to 30-150 to 1 has been reported in the literature [9][10][11][12], to guarantee the highest FAMEs yield [3,7,13]. Transesterification consists of a series of consecutive, reversible reactions, forming alkyl esters in each step as shown in Fig.…”

Comparación de la performance de dos catalizadores sólidos a base de Na y Ce soportados sobre SBA-15 para la producción de biodiesel mediante catálisis heterogénea alcalina

“…Enseguida se incorporó el soporte silíceo en una proporción 0,08 g/ml de solución. La suspensión se agitó a temperatura ambiente por 6 h. Posteriormente, el solvente se evaporó en una estufa a 100 °C por 12 h. El material recuperado se calcinó en mufla a 550 °C por 5 h, con una rampa de calentamiento de 8 °C/min, y se denominó 5Na/20Ce/SBA-15 (Sánchez Faba et al, 2020b).…”

Hierarchically Ordered Porous Solid Acid: Preparation and Application as a Biodiesel Catalyst

“…However, the material with a single pore size has greater limitations in practical applications. [7] Nowadays, various types of solid acid catalysts have also appeared in the preparation of biodiesel, such as sulfonated carbon, [2,8] metal-organic framework (MOF)-encapsulated acid catalysts, [9] sulfonated porous polymer based solid acid, [10] sulfonated covalent organic framework, [11] supported acid catalyst based on SBA-15, [12] enzymes, [13] sol-gel entrapped Lewis acids, [13b] and heterogeneous catalysts based on metal oxide. [14] Apart from these, functionalized catalysts based on ionic liquids also have high efficiency in the production of biodiesel.…”