N9/251 – Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in newborns and very young infants in Indonesia, and a possible source of acquisition

Kartasasmita, Cissy B.; Rifada, Maula; Dewi, Nina Susana; Yusnita, Sri; Krishna, E Chaitanya; Permatagalih, Vidi; Murad,; Sudigdoadi, Sunaryati; Simões, Eric A F

doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2006.04.125

Cited by 3 publications

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“…prevalence of pneumococci at six weeks was 12% and 13.9% at eight weeks old [21]. Murad et al [10], in the same city, found that the prevalence increased to 15% within nine years, but was still lower than in this study.…”

Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…pneumoniae colonization in this study was slightly higher than in other studies conducted in Indonesia. A study from Bandung in 2005 showed that the prevalence of pneumococci at six weeks was 12% and 13.9% at eight weeks old [ 21 ]. Murad et al [ 10 ], in the same city, found that the prevalence increased to 15% within nine years, but was still lower than in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in Indonesia infants and toddlers post-PCV13 vaccination in a 2+1 schedule: A prospective cohort study

et al. 2021

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Background The PCV13 immunization demonstration program began in October 2017 in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to assess the dynamic changes of pneumococcal serotype before and after PCV13 administration, with two primary and one booster doses. Methods The prospective cohort study was conducted as a follow up study measuring the impact of PCV13 demonstration program by the Indonesian Ministry of Health in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, from March 2018 to June 2019. The subjects were two-month-old healthy infants who were brought to the primary care facility for routine vaccination and followed until 18 months of age. We use convenience sampling method. There were 115 infants in the control group and 118 infants in the vaccine group, and the PCV immunization was given on a 2+1 schedule. Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs were collected four times during the vaccination periods by trained medical staff. Specimens were analyzed by culture methods to detect S. pneumonia colonization and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) to determine serotype. The most frequently detected serotypes will be named as dominant serotypes. Descriptive analysis of demographic characteristics, the prevalence of overall and serotype colonization, and the distribution of serotypes were performed. The prevalence of both cohort groups were compared using chi-square test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Two hundred and thirty three infants age two months old were recruited, with 48.9% of the subjects were male and 51.1% of the subjects were female. Sociodemographic data in both cohort groups were relatively equal. Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization before PCV13 administration occurred in 19.1% of the control and 22.9% of the vaccine group. The prevalence increased with increasing age in both groups. The prevalence of VT serotypes in control groups aged 2 months, 4 months, 12 months, and 18 months was 40.9%, 44.2%, 53.8%, and 54.3%, respectively, and in the vaccine group, 25.9%, 40.4%, 38.0%, and 22.6%, respectively. The most common VT serotypes in both groups were 6A/6B, 19F, 23F, and 14. The prevalence of VT serotypes decreased significantly compared to non-vaccine type serotypes after three doses of the PCV13 vaccine (p < 0.001). Another notable change was the decline in prevalence of serotype 6A/6B after PCV13 administration using the 2+1 schedule. Conclusions This study shows lower prevalence of VT and 6A/6B serotypes in the nasopharynx among children who were PCV13 vaccinated compared with those who were unvaccinated. The result from this study will be the beginning of future vaccine evaluation in larger population and longer period of study.

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Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in Indonesia infants and toddlers post-PCV13 vaccination in a 2+1 schedule: A prospective cohort study

et al. 2021

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“…A study published in 2006 tracked 108 newborns in Bandung to determine changes in NPC prevalence over time. One positive pneumococcal isolate was detected in newborns within 6 to 12 h of birth, but 15 isolates (13.9% of infants) were identified 8 weeks later [ 21 ]. The most common suggested source of transmission identified was older siblings, with 57% of infants aged 2 months or younger who tested positive for NPC having an older sibling who was also positive for NPC.…”

Section: Burden Of Pneumococcal Diseases In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Serotype Prevalence, and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Indonesia

et al. 2020

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In Indonesia, pneumococcal disease represents a considerable public health concern; however, published data on the epidemiology, nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype prevalence, and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in this region are limited. Therefore, this article reviews the available data from a variety of sources and also summarizes pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation and recommendations in Indonesia and subsequent impact on pneumococcal disease. Regional pneumococcal vaccination recommendations in Asia were also reviewed. Studies showed that pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage prevalence in Indonesia was approximately 43% to 55% in healthy children aged less than 5 years, which varied by age group, region, and year. Serotype analysis of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage isolates in Indonesia revealed that 38% to 60% of isolates would be covered by the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). The antimicrobial resistance of pneumococcal disease has increased over time; between 1997 and 2012, resistance to penicillin and sulfamethoxazole increased from 0% to 28% and 9% to 62%, respectively. Inclusion of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines into immunization programs is being implemented gradually. In 2017, Indonesia implemented a regional PCV13 immunization program in Lombok with a 2 + 1 vaccination schedule that was expanded in 2018–2019 to West Nusa Tenggara and Bangka Belitung Provinces; this expansion is predicted to substantially reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease in Indonesia. Overall, the limited data available regarding pneumococcal disease in Indonesia highlight the unmet need for comprehensive disease surveillance studies in this region that can help direct vaccination strategies.

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Overview of the disease burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in Asia

Bravo

2009

Vaccine

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N9/251 – Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in newborns and very young infants in Indonesia, and a possible source of acquisition

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in Indonesia infants and toddlers post-PCV13 vaccination in a 2+1 schedule: A prospective cohort study

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in Indonesia infants and toddlers post-PCV13 vaccination in a 2+1 schedule: A prospective cohort study

Epidemiology, Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Serotype Prevalence, and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Indonesia

Overview of the disease burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in Asia

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