N6-Methyladenosine and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common autoimmune diseases, is characterized by immune cell infiltration, fibroblast-like synovial cell hyperproliferation, and cartilage and bone destruction. To date, numerous studies have demonstrated that immune cells are one of the key targets for the treatment of RA. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal modification to eukaryotic mRNA, which is involved in the splicing, stability, export, and degradation of RNA metabolism. m6A methylated-related genes are divided into writers, erasers, and readers, and they are critical for the regulation of cell life. They play a significant role in various biological processes, such as virus replication and cell differentiation by controlling gene expression. Furthermore, a growing number of studies have indicated that m6A is associated with the occurrence of numerous diseases, such as lung cancer, bladder cancer, gastric cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the history of m6A research and recent progress on RA research concerning m6A enzymes. The relationship between m6A enzymes, immune cells, and RA suggests that m6A modification offers evidence for the pathogenesis of RA, which will help in the development of new therapies for RA.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader IGF2BP2 promotes gastric cancer progression via targeting SIRT1

“…Novel insights are inclined to propose new solutions based on epigenetics molecular mechanism. N [ 6 ]-methyladenosine (m 6 A) is one of the most common modifications of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in eukaryotes [ 14 , 15 ]. Mountains of evidence have shown that m 6 A is involved in numerous pathophysiological process, including GC.…”

Diagnostic gene signatures and aberrant pathway activation based on m6A methylation regulators in rheumatoid arthritis

“…Increasing evidence suggests that m6A modification is an important regulator of immune response regulatory mechanisms and inflammatory regulatory networks ( 21 ). To identify the IGF2BP3-associated immune signature in RA, we determined the immune scores and the proportions of immune cells with xCell ( 22 ).…”

“…m6A methylation has been shown to be associated with tumours, neurological disorders, metabolic diseases, ADs, viral infections and so on ( 26 ). Mutations in the genes encoding m6A methylation regulators are closely associated with inflammation-related diseases, and changes in their expression levels have been observed in RA ( 21 , 27 ). Therefore, exploring the diagnostic value and mechanism of m6A methylation regulators in RA is highly important for the effective treatment of RA and the improvement of its prognosis.…”

CLP1 is a Prognosis-Related Biomarker and Correlates With Immune Infiltrates in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Previous research has found that certain RNA changes play a vital role in the etiology and development of RA, and that they might be used as a therapeutic target for the disease. ( Wu S. et al, 2021 ), but similar studies are insufficient, and further in-depth exploration is still needed.…”