N2O emissions and yield in maize field fertilized with polymer-coated urea under subsoiling or rotary tillage

Li, Na; Ning, Tangyuan; Cui, Zhengyong; Tian, Shenzhong; Li, Zengjia; Lal, Rattan

doi:10.1007/s10705-015-9713-6

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In spite of higher N 2 O emissions in V during Period I (which accounted for a low proportion of total cumulative N 2 O losses during the experiment), these plots did not emit greater amounts of N 2 O per kg of N taken up by the maize plants, and even tended to decrease yieldscaled N 2 O emissions and N surplus (Table 1). Adjusting fertilizer N rate to soil endogenous N led to lower N 2 O fluxes than previous experiments where conventional N rates were applied (e.g., Adviento-Borbe et al, 2007;Hoben et al, 2011;Sanz-Cobena et al, 2012;Li et al, 2015), in agreement with the study by Migliorati et al (2014). Moreover, CO 2 equivalent emissions associated with manufacturing and transport of N synthetic fertilizers (Lal, 2004) can be reduced when low synthetic N input strategies, such as ISMF, are employed.…”

Section: Yield-scaled Emissions N Surplus and General Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of cover crops on greenhouse gas emissions in an irrigated field under integrated soil fertility management

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Agronomical and environmental benefits are associated with replacing winter fallow by cover crops (CCs). Yet, the effect of this practice on nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions remains poorly understood. In this context, a field experiment was carried out under Mediterranean conditions to evaluate the effect of replacing the traditional winter fallow (F) by vetch (Vicia sativa L.; V) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.; B) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the intercrop and the maize (Zea mays L.) cropping period. The maize was fertilized following integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) criteria. Maize nitrogen (N) uptake, soil mineral N concentrations, soil temperature and moisture, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and GHG fluxes were measured during the experiment. Our management (adjusted N synthetic rates due to ISFM) and pedo-climatic conditions resulted in low cumulative N 2 O emissions (0.57 to 0.75 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 ), yield-scaled N 2 O emissions (3-6 g N 2 O-N kg aboveground N uptake −1 ) and N surplus (31 to 56 kg N ha −1 ) for all treatments. Although CCs increased N 2 O emissions during the intercrop period compared to F (1.6 and 2.6 times in B and V, respectively), the ISFM resulted in similar cumulative emissions for the CCs and F at the end of the maize cropping period. The higher C : N ratio of the B residue led to a greater proportion of N 2 O losses from the synthetic fertilizer in these plots when compared to V. No significant differences were observed in CH 4 and CO 2 fluxes at the end of the experiment. This study shows that the use of both legume and nonlegume CCs combined with ISFM could provide, in addition to the advantages reported in previous studies, an opportunity to maximize agronomic efficiency (lowering synthetic N requirements for the subsequent cash crop) without increasing cumulative or yieldscaled N 2 O losses.

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Section: Yield-scaled Emissions N Surplus and General Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effect of cover crops on greenhouse gas emissions in an irrigated field under integrated soil fertility management

et al. 2016

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“…There have been divergent results of SRF impacts on N 2 O emission, either positive (Akiyama et al., ; Li et al., ) or negative (Bordoloi & Baruah, ; Ji et al., ). In the present analysis, SRF reduced annual N 2 O emissions by 13.1%, but this was not statistically significant ( p > .05; Figure a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of natural factors and farming practices on greenhouse gas emissions in the North China Plain: A meta‐analysis

Han

Bol

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Requirements for mitigation of the continued increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are much needed for the North China Plain (NCP). We conducted a meta‐analysis of 76 published studies of 24 sites in the NCP to examine the effects of natural conditions and farming practices on GHG emissions in that region. We found that N2O was the main component of the area‐scaled total GHG balance, and the CH 4 contribution was <5%. Precipitation, temperature, soil pH, and texture had no significant impacts on annual GHG emissions, because of limited variation of these factors in the NCP. The N2O emissions increased exponentially with mineral fertilizer N application rate, with y = 0.2389e0.0058x for wheat season and y = 0.365e0.0071x for maize season. Emission factors were estimated at 0.37% for wheat and 0.90% for maize at conventional fertilizer N application rates. The agronomic optimal N rates (241 and 185 kg N ha−1 for wheat and maize, respectively) exhibited great potential for reducing N2O emissions, by 0.39 (29%) and 1.71 (56%) kg N2O‐N ha−1 season−1 for the wheat and maize seasons, respectively. Mixed application of organic manure with reduced mineral fertilizer N could reduce annual N2O emissions by 16% relative to mineral N application alone while maintaining a high crop yield. Compared with conventional tillage, no‐tillage significantly reduced N2O emissions by ~30% in the wheat season, whereas it increased those emissions by ~10% in the maize season. This may have resulted from the lower soil temperature in winter and increased soil moisture in summer under no‐tillage practice. Straw incorporation significantly increased annual N2O emissions, by 26% relative to straw removal. Our analysis indicates that these farming practices could be further tested to mitigate GHG emission and maintain high crop yields in the NCP.

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“…The present study was conducted innon-irrigated conditions on a sandy loam soil, and rainwater was a major water source for plants. During dry season, annual deep subsoiling with no irrigation on a silt loam made a good use of conserved rainwater and consequently produced high yield [ 33 ]. Several previous studies found that differences in grain yield between annual and biennial subsoilingwere non-significant [ 34 ], yet, in the case of rainfed cultivation, yield with annual subsoilingwas slightly higher than that of biennial subsoiling [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Response of Spring Maize to Inter-Row Subsoiling and Soil Water Deficit in Northern China

et al. 2016

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BackgroundLong-term tillage has been shown to induce water stress episode during crop growth period due to low water retention capacity. It is unclear whether integrated water conservation tillage systems, such asspringdeepinter-row subsoiling with annual or biennial repetitions, can be developed to alleviate this issue while improve crop productivity.MethodsExperimentswere carried out in a spring maize cropping system on Calcaric-fluvicCambisolsatJiaozuoexperimentstation, northern China, in 2009 to 2014. Effects of threesubsoiling depths (i.e., 30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm) in combination with annual and biennial repetitionswasdetermined in two single-years (i.e., 2012 and 2014)againstthe conventional tillage. The objectives were to investigateyield response to subsoiling depths and soil water deficit(SWD), and to identify the most effective subsoiling treatment using a systematic assessment.ResultsAnnualsubsoiling to 50 cm (AS-50) increased soil water storage (SWS, mm) by an average of8% in 0–20 cm soil depth, 19% in 20–80 cm depth, and 10% in 80–120 cm depth, followed by AS-40 and BS-50, whereas AS-30 and BS-30 showed much less effects in increasing SWS across the 0–120 cm soil profile, compared to the CK. AS-50 significantly reduced soil water deficit (SWD, mm) by an average of123% during sowing to jointing, 318% during jointing to filling, and 221% during filling to maturity, compared to the CK, followed by AS-40 and BS-50. An integrated effect on increasing SWS and reducing SWD helped AS-50 boost grain yield by an average of 31% and biomass yield by 30%, compared to the CK. A power function for subsoiling depth and a negative linear function for SWD were used to fit the measured yields, showing the deepest subsoiling depth (50 cm) with the lowest SWD contributed to the highest yield. Systematic assessment showed that AS-50 received the highest evaluation index (0.69 out of 1.0) among all treatments.ConclusionDeepinter-row subsoilingwith annual repetition significantly boosts yield by alleviating SWD in critical growth period and increasing SWS in 20–80 cm soil depth. The results allow us to conclude that AS-50 can be adopted as an effective approach to increase crop productivity, alleviate water stress, and improve soil water availability for spring maize in northern China.

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N2O emissions and yield in maize field fertilized with polymer-coated urea under subsoiling or rotary tillage

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of cover crops on greenhouse gas emissions in an irrigated field under integrated soil fertility management

Effect of cover crops on greenhouse gas emissions in an irrigated field under integrated soil fertility management

Impacts of natural factors and farming practices on greenhouse gas emissions in the North China Plain: A meta‐analysis

Yield Response of Spring Maize to Inter-Row Subsoiling and Soil Water Deficit in Northern China

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