N-, P- and S-tridoped graphene as metal-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction

Dou, Shuo; Shen, Anli; Ma, Zhaoling; Wu, Jianghong; Li, Tao; Wang, Shuangyin

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.05.013

Cited by 65 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The high‐resolution N 1s and S 2p spectra, as shown in Figure a and 5b, verify the successful doping of N and S atoms into the NS‐UCNN ,. The S 2p spectrum confirms the presence of C−S X −C and −C=S− bonds at 163.9 eV and 165.1 eV, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Crystalline‐Water/Coordination Induced Formation of 3D Highly Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Ultrathin Carbon Nanosheet Networks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Liu

Shi

et al. 2018

ChemCatChem

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Development of highly efficient electrocatalysts with low cost for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for their application in fuel cells and metal‐air batteries. In this work, we report a synthesis of 3D heteroatom‐doped ultrathin carbon nanosheet networks directly starting from solid raw materials. This method represents an operationally simple, general, and sustainable strategy to various ultrathin carbon nanosheet networks. Evaporation of crystalline water and coordination interaction are proposed to be responsible for the formation of the 3D carbon nanosheet networks. The carbon nanosheet networks possess high surface area with micro‐ and macropores, large pore volume, ultrathin nanosheet structure, and effective N/S‐co‐doping. The as‐prepared materials show outstanding electrocatalytic ORR performance with more positive onset potential and half‐wave potential, good methanol tolerance, and excellent stability, compared with those of the porous carbons derived from the ZIF counterpart and commercial Pt/C. This work not only provides highly active ORR electrocatalysts via an operationally simple and green process and also demonstrates a general method to prepare 3D ultrathin carbon nanosheet networks without any additional template and solvent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Crystalline‐Water/Coordination Induced Formation of 3D Highly Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Ultrathin Carbon Nanosheet Networks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Liu

Shi

et al. 2018

ChemCatChem

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“…Due to the conductive nature of Gs these materials are among the favorite solids for the preparation of electrodes with special properties as sensors on catalyst [86][87][88]. Of particular relevance due to the potential application are the development of electrodes specially efficient for electrochemical oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) since these processes are involved in fuel cells (Equations 1 and 2).…”

Section: Doped Gs As Electrocatalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doped graphenes in catalysis

Albero

Garcı́a

2015

Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical

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2 -Graphical abstract Highlights • Graphenes can be sustainable catalysts • Graphenes can be easily doped with heteroatoms • Doped graphenes can act as metal-free catalysts • Doped graphenes can act as supports of metal nanoparticles • Heteroatoms play a role on the activity -3 -Abstract Due to the availability and easy preparation, graphenes are currently under intense investigation for various applications in Chemistry including their use as metal-free catalysts. The presence in low percentage of heteroatoms on the graphene sheet ("doping") has become a general strategy to modify the electron density, electrical conductivity and other properties of graphenes. The influence of doping can be reflected on the use of these materials in catalysis. After a brief introduction presenting the unique properties and features of graphenes and the reasons why they are suitable to be applicable in catalysis, the present review focuses on those reports describing the use of doped graphenes as metal-free catalyst or as support of metal nanoparticles Electro-and photocatalysis is excluded. Preparation methods of doped graphenes and adequate characterization techniques providing important information, particularly with respect to the active site in catalysis, are briefly presented before the main body of the review describing common features and relevant examples of the use of doped graphenes in catalysis. Also general traits of graphenes of support of metal nanoparticles have been commented. The final section summarizes the main conclusions and provides our view future developments in the field. The purpose of the present review is not to provide an exhaustive account of all the existing literature, but rather to introduce the reader in the opportunities and advantages that doped graphenes offer with regard to the use either as metal free catalyst or support of metal nanoparticles.-4 -

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“…In particular, human urine, one of the most abundant and un‐explored wastes on earth, can be utilized to produce highly porous N‐doped carbon good for energy‐related applications. In addition, the human urine contains other heteroatoms such as P, S, and Si as a single precursor, which could be also beneficial to enhance catalytic activity for electrochemical reactions . It has been shown that multiple‐doping into carbon with various heteroatoms such as N, S, and P helps to increase ORR performance more in comparison with single element‐doped carbon .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Phosphide Incorporated into Iron‐Treated Heteroatoms‐Doped Porous Bio‐Carbon as Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2018

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The development of electrocatalysts from inexpensive, natural sources has been an attractive subject owing to economic, environmental, sustainable, and social merits. Herein, Fe-treated heteroatoms (N, P, and S)-doped porous carbons are synthesized for the first time by pyrolysis of bio-char derived from abundant human urine waste as a single precursor for carbon and heteroatoms, using iron(III) acetylacetonate as an external Fe precursor, followed by acid leaching and activation with a second pyrolysis step in NH 3 . In particular, the sample prepared at a pyrolysis temperature of 800 8C (FeP-NSC-800) contains iron phosphide (FeP, Fe 2 P) in the high-porosity heteroatoms-doped carbon framework along with Fe traces, and exhibits excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and stability in both alkaline and acidic electrolytes as demonstrated in half-and single-cell tests. Such excellent ORR catalytic performance is ascribed to a synergistic effect of not only multiple active FeÀP, FeÀN, and pyridinic and graphitic N species in the electrocatalyst but also facile transport channels provided by its hierarchical porous structure with micro-/mesopores. In addition, the sample exhibits high long-term durability and methanol crossover resistance.

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N-, P- and S-tridoped graphene as metal-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction

Cited by 65 publications

References 35 publications

Crystalline‐Water/Coordination Induced Formation of 3D Highly Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Ultrathin Carbon Nanosheet Networks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Crystalline‐Water/Coordination Induced Formation of 3D Highly Porous Heteroatom‐Doped Ultrathin Carbon Nanosheet Networks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Doped graphenes in catalysis

Iron Phosphide Incorporated into Iron‐Treated Heteroatoms‐Doped Porous Bio‐Carbon as Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

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