N-Methyltransferase involved in gramine biosynthesis in barley: Cloning and characterization

Larsson, Kristina A. E.; Zetterlund, Ingvor; Delp, Gabriele; Jonsson, Lisbeth

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.06.036

Cited by 38 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…One of these barley genes was reannotated as an N‐methyltransferase HvNMT involved in gramine biosynthesis by Larsson et al . () from a previous erroneous annotation as a COMT gene (Lee et al ., ), possibly suggesting that other genes in this clade might also be NMTs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi‐suppression of barley caffeic acidO‐methyltransferase modifies lignin despite redundancy in the gene family

Daly

McClellan

Maluk

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), the lignin biosynthesis gene modified in many brown-midrib high-digestibility mutants of maize and sorghum, was targeted for downregulation in the small grain temperate cereal, barley (Hordeum vulgare), to improve straw properties. Phylogenetic and expression analyses identified the barley COMT orthologue(s) expressed in stems, defining a larger gene family than in brachypodium or rice with three COMT genes expressed in lignifying tissues. RNAi significantly reduced stem COMT protein and enzyme activity, and modestly reduced stem lignin content while dramatically changing lignin structure. Lignin syringyl-to-guaiacyl ratio was reduced by ~50%, the 5-hydroxyguaiacyl (5-OH-G) unit incorporated into lignin at 10--15-fold higher levels than normal, and the amount of p-coumaric acid ester-linked to cell walls was reduced by ~50%. No brown-midrib phenotype was observed in any RNAi line despite significant COMT suppression and altered lignin. The novel COMT gene family structure in barley highlights the dynamic nature of grass genomes. Redundancy in barley COMTs may explain the absence of brown-midrib mutants in barley and wheat. The barley COMT RNAi lines nevertheless have the potential to be exploited for bioenergy applications and as animal feed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi‐suppression of barley caffeic acidO‐methyltransferase modifies lignin despite redundancy in the gene family

Daly

McClellan

Maluk

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…Barley cultivars differ in production of gramine, and production is also affected by specific aphids and by drought stress (Larsson et al 2011). Some of the genes for gramine biosynthesis have been identified (Larsson et al 2006).…”

Section: Derivatives Of Amino Acids (Tryptophan Phenylalanine Tyrosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering Plants. Monocots

Kellogg

2015

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“…Overall, no genes related to secondary metabolism were found among the sequences induced in all genotypes. In this category, one might have expected upregulation of an N-methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of gramine (Larsson et al 2006), since this indole alkaloid was shown to increase upon greenbug infestation (Velozo et al 1999). As in many other plant-aphid interactions, sequences coding for members of the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLK) were found regulated, proteins that are thought to play roles in the transduction of extracellular signals.…”

Section: Gene Regulation In All Barley Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microarray analysis of the interaction between the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and host plants reveals both differences and similarities between susceptible and partially resistant barley lines

et al. 2008

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The bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is an important pest on cereals causing plant growth reduction without specific leaf symptoms. Breeding of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) for R. padi resistance shows that there are several resistance genes, reducing aphid growth. To identify candidate sequences for resistance-related genes, we performed microarray analysis of gene expression after aphid infestation in two susceptible and two partially resistant barley genotypes. One of the four lines is a descendant of two of the other genotypes. There were large differences in gene induction between the four lines, indicating substantial variation in response even between closely related genotypes. Genes induced in aphid-infested tissue were mainly related to defence, primary metabolism and signalling. Only 24 genes were induced in all lines, none of them related to oxidative stress or secondary metabolism. Few genes were down-regulated, with none being common to all four lines. There were differences in aphid-induced gene regulation between resistant and susceptible lines. Results from control plants without aphids also revealed differences in constitutive gene expression between the two types of lines. Candidate sequences for induced and constitutive resistance factors have been identified, among them a proteinase inhibitor, a serine/threonine kinase and several thionins.

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N-Methyltransferase involved in gramine biosynthesis in barley: Cloning and characterization

Cited by 38 publications

References 30 publications

RNAi‐suppression of barley caffeic acidO‐methyltransferase modifies lignin despite redundancy in the gene family

RNAi‐suppression of barley caffeic acidO‐methyltransferase modifies lignin despite redundancy in the gene family

Flowering Plants. Monocots

Microarray analysis of the interaction between the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and host plants reveals both differences and similarities between susceptible and partially resistant barley lines

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